{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T04:07:54Z","timestamp":1784088474440,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762905600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762905600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Virginia Tech Foundation Inc"},{"name":"Zomedica"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A thyrotropin (also known as thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH]) assay using bulk acoustic wave (TSH-BAW) technology is a sensitive and specific test for diagnosing hyperthyroidism; however, the effect of various types of non-thyroidal illness (NTI) have not been evaluated with this assay. The objectives of this study were to compare serum TSH concentrations using the TSH-BAW and a currently available TSH chemiluminescent immunoassay (TSH-CLIA) in hyperthyroid cats, cats with NTI and healthy cats, as well as to compare sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing hyperthyroidism.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted comparing the TSH concentration of 37 hyperthyroid, 32 healthy and 32 NTI cats using the TSH-CLIA and TSH-BAW assays. The effect of disease severity was evaluated with hyperthyroidism and NTI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The TSH-BAW had a lower sensitivity (78%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 62\u201390) and negative predictive value (89%, 95% CI 79\u201395) but higher specificity (97%, 95% CI 89\u2013100) and positive predictive value (94%, 95% CI 79\u201399) than the TSH-CLIA. The median serum TSH concentration was significantly different between hyperthyroid cats and both healthy and NTI cats with both assays (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;0.01) but was not different between NTI and healthy cats (TSH-CLIA\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.168, TSH-BAW\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.673). Eight (21.6%) hyperthyroid cats had a detectable TSH-BAW but undetectable TSH-CLIA concentration, with seven (18.9%) having a TSH-BAW within the reference interval. A total of 12 (18.8%) non-hyperthyroid cats (four [12.5%] healthy cats and eight [25%] NTI cats) had an undetectable TSH-CLIA compared with only two (6%) cats (one [3%] healthy cat and one [3%] NTI cat) with the TSH-BAW assay. The proportion of cats with an undetectable serum TSH concentration was significantly higher with the TSH-CLIA than the TSH-BAW in NTI cats (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.008). This was especially evident in NTI cats suffering from moderate to severe illnesses (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.025).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The TSH-BAW has a high specificity for detecting hyperthyroidism and identifies a normal serum TSH concentration in non-hyperthyroid cats more often than the TSH-CLIA. However, a normal result cannot be used to rule out hyperthyroidism.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612x251398915","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T12:30:21Z","timestamp":1762950621000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparison of thyrotropin concentrations measured by bulk acoustic wave technology and chemiluminescence in hyperthyroid cats and cats with non-thyroidal illness"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2380-0673","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camille","family":"Brassard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Small Animal Internal Medicine Service, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"},{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, MedVet Silicon Valley, San Jose, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0094-9403","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefanie M","family":"DeMonaco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Small Animal Internal Medicine Service, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashley R","family":"Wilkinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Small Animal Internal Medicine Service, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8986-9516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Audrey E","family":"Keebaugh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Small Animal Internal Medicine Service, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5970-6441","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timothy A","family":"Bolton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Small Animal Internal Medicine Service, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"},{"name":"Small Animal Internal Medicine Service, Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X12464462"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X15575385"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1994.tb03233.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2001.218.529"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ctsap.2005.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.23.12.0278"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1990.197.09.1203"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","first-page":"227","article-title":"Influence of systemic nonthyroidal illness on serum concentration of thyroxine in hyperthyroid cats.","volume":"1993","author":"McLoughlin M","unstructured":"McLoughlin M, DiBartola S, Birchard S, et al. 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