{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T04:48:33Z","timestamp":1791607713307,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,27]],"date-time":"2015-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1440633600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biological Research For Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Analyzing telemetry electrocardiogram (ECG) data over an extended period is often time-consuming because digital records are not widely available at hospitals. Investigating trends and patterns in the ECG data could lead to establishing predictors that would shorten response time to in-hospital cardiac arrest (I-HCA). This study was conducted to validate a novel method of digitizing paper ECG tracings from telemetry systems in order to facilitate the use of heart rate as a diagnostic feature prior to I-HCA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This multicenter study used telemetry to investigate full-disclosure ECG papers of 44 cardiovascular patients obtained within 1 hr of I-HCA with initial rhythms of pulseless electrical activity and asystole. Digital ECGs were available for seven of these patients. An algorithm to digitize the full-disclosure ECG papers was developed using the shortest path method. The heart rate was measured manually (averaging R-R intervals) for ECG papers and automatically for digitized and digital ECGs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Significant correlations were found between manual and automated measurements of digitized ECGs ( p &lt; .001) and between digitized and digital ECGs ( p &lt; .001). Bland\u2013Altman methods showed bias = .001 s, SD = .0276 s, lower and upper 95% limits of agreement for digitized and digital ECGs = .055 and \u2212.053 s, and percentage error = 0.22%. Root mean square (rms), percentage rms difference, and signal to noise ratio values were in acceptable ranges.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The digitization method was validated. Digitized ECG provides an efficient and accurate way of measuring heart rate over an extended period of time.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1099800415602092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,27]],"date-time":"2015-08-27T21:29:45Z","timestamp":1440710985000},"page":"230-236","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Digitization of Electrocardiogram From Telemetry Prior to In-hospital Cardiac Arrest"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Mina","family":"Attin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Engineering, Bioengineering Program, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. 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Reza","family":"Soroushmehr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Michigan Center for Integrative Research in Critical Care, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chii-Dean","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hector","family":"Lemus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maxwell","family":"Spadafore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Literature, Science and Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 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