{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:35:39Z","timestamp":1792787739254,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776988800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institute on Aging","award":["P30AG059304"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30AG059304"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/049v75w11","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"University of Washington Population Health Initiative for a Tier 1 Pilot Grant","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00cvxb145","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","award":["R56HL167681"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R56HL167681"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/012pb6c26","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Institute of Translational Health Sciences, University of Washington","award":["UL1TR000423"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR000423"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00cvxb145","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"University of Washington School of Nursing Research and Intramural Funding Program","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00cvxb145","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Institute of Nursing Research","award":["K23NR017404"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23NR017404"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01y3zfr79","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Institute of Nursing Research","award":["P30NR016585"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30NR016585"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01y3zfr79","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"University of Washington Interdisciplinary Center for Exposures, Diseases, Genomics & Environment","award":["5P30ES007033-29"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5P30ES007033-29"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00cvxb145","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biological Research For Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Longitudinal trajectories of sleep in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) survivors are not well known. We identified subgroups of SAH survivors based on distinct trajectories of sleep during the first 6 months post-SAH and compared sociodemographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, inflammatory biomarkers (Toll-like receptor 4, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-\u03b1, interleukin [IL]-1\u03b2, and IL-6), and symptom-related characteristics (depression\/anxiety, fatigue, sleep quality, and cognition) among the subgroups. We conducted a 6-month longitudinal study of 40 SAH survivors (mean age = 56.0). Multi-trajectory latent class growth analysis identified salient patient groupings based on the trajectories of sleep parameters\u2014sleep efficiency (SE), sleep onset latency (SOL), wake after sleep onset (WASO), and total sleep time (TST)\u2014assessed using actigraphy at 2, 3, and 6 months. Two trajectory groups were identified: Group 1 (n = 24; \u201chigh SE\/short SOL\/short WASO\/adequate TST\u201d) and Group 2 (n = 16; \u201clow SE\/long SOL\/long WASO\/insufficient TST\u201d). The mean scores of all sleep parameters remained stable across months 2, 3, and 6 in both groups, except for SOL, which decreased in Group 2, but remained higher than that of Group 1. Individuals in Group 1 (vs. Group 2) were more likely to be female and had lower levels of TNF-\u03b1 and IL-6 on days 3 and 4 post-SAH, respectively. Individuals in Group 1 (vs. Group 2) performed better on immediate memory, visuospatial\/constructional ability, attention, and delayed memory tasks at 2 months. Distinct sleep trajectory groups were identified among SAH survivors; however, further studies with larger samples are needed to validate and better characterize these patterns.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10998004261444672","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T10:41:18Z","timestamp":1777027278000},"page":"495-507","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Gender, Inflammation, and Cognition Affect the Sleep Trajectories of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Survivors"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Chiyoung","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Arizona College of Nursing"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5472-478X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hilaire 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