{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T20:36:11Z","timestamp":1777581371321,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]],"date-time":"2019-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575417600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To report the morphological and clinical features of a case of pachychoroid disease with focal choroidal excavation and large choroidal excavation complicated by choroidal neovascularization.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The patient underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination including best-corrected visual acuity assessment, anterior segment and dilated fundus examination, fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography, and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>During the previous follow-up, the 57-year-old man received a diagnosis of central serous chorioretinopathy in the right eye with a late appearance of a choroidal neovascularization. The best-corrected visual acuity was 20\/125 and 20\/20 in the right and left eye, respectively. Dilated fundus examination, fluorescein angiography, and indocyanine green angiography confirmed a large subretinal fibrosis corresponding to the evolution of the choroidal neovascularization in the right eye. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography clearly demonstrated in the right eye a large choroidal excavation below the fibrotic neovascular lesion with multiple hyperreflective foci inside the cavity, and in the left eye, a conforming focal choroidal excavation, bowl-shape type, associated with increased choroidal thickness with pachyvessels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Large choroidal excavation has been rarely reported. Although the pathogenetic mechanisms leading to the formation of large choroidal excavation are still only hypotheses, a combination of primary degenerative inflammatory factors sustaining the focal choroidal excavation formation and disruptive process of the choroidal neovascularization could be retained responsible for the large choroidal excavation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1120672119892428","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]],"date-time":"2019-12-04T23:47:52Z","timestamp":1575503272000},"page":"NP15-NP17","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Large choroidal excavation in pachychoroid disease: A case report"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4562-539X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pierluigi","family":"Iacono","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS\u2014Fondazione Bietti, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0385-7961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maurizio","family":"Battaglia Parodi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Department, San Raffaele University Hospital, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandro","family":"Saviano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Clinic, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariacristina","family":"Parravano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS\u2014Fondazione Bietti, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Varano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS\u2014Fondazione Bietti, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1120672119892428","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-018-0158-4"},{"key":"bibr2-1120672119892428","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000001345"},{"key":"bibr3-1120672119892428","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2015-307055"},{"key":"bibr4-1120672119892428","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2013.05.010"},{"key":"bibr5-1120672119892428","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5301\/ejo.5001056"},{"key":"bibr6-1120672119892428","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2013.1598"},{"key":"bibr7-1120672119892428","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12177-011-9062-x"},{"key":"bibr8-1120672119892428","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2009.326"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1120672119892428","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1120672119892428","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1120672119892428","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T19:45:04Z","timestamp":1777405504000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1120672119892428"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1120672119892428"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1120672119892428","relation":{},"ISSN":["1120-6721","1724-6016"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1120-6721","type":"print"},{"value":"1724-6016","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]]}}}