{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T20:36:12Z","timestamp":1777581372562,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,30]],"date-time":"2019-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577664000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study is to report the outcome of balloon catheter dilation as the primary treatment of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction in children of all ages.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 10-year retrospective study of 148 children (270 eyes), aged 9 to 159\u2009months (mean age: 29.6\u2009\u00b1\u200917.7\u2009months), who previously had not undergone a nasolacrimal surgical procedure and who presented with clinical signs of nasolacrimal duct obstruction, was conducted. All children underwent balloon catheter dilation of the nasolacrimal duct.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Treatment success, defined as complete resolution of nasolacrimal duct obstruction symptoms present at follow-up visits at 1\u2009week and up to 6\u2009months after surgery, was 87% (234 of 270 eyes). Partial success was defined as occasional tearing which was acceptable to parents and present in 3% (nine eyes). Only 10% of the children underwent a second procedure due to complete failure. In a sub-analysis by age groups\u2014under 18\u2009months, between 18 and 36\u2009months, and above 36\u2009months\u2014complete resolution rates were 85%, 93%, and 77%, and partial success rates were 3%, 3%, and 4%, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the age groups ( p\u2009=\u2009.007).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this large cohort of patients with nasolacrimal duct obstruction, balloon catheter dilation was successful as a primary treatment for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction, particularly under the age of 36\u2009months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1120672119895906","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,31]],"date-time":"2019-12-31T00:04:11Z","timestamp":1577750651000},"page":"334-339","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Balloon catheter dilation as the primary treatment of congenital nasolacrimal duct 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