{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T14:26:50Z","timestamp":1782311210145,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,21]],"date-time":"2020-06-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592697600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To report the clinical spectrum, viral etiologies, therapeutic interventions, timing of rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRD), and visual outcomes in acute retinal necrosis (ARN) syndrome in a series of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive eyes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>From January 2010 to January 2017, consecutive patients with the clinical diagnosis of ARN and a positive aqueous viral PCR were included in this observational, retrospective study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nineteen eyes found to have a clinical diagnosis of ARN, of which 18 (94.7%) had a positive viral PCR. ARN was unilateral, except in one patient. None of the fellow eyes manifested ARN during follow-up. Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) was detected in 78.0% of ARN eyes. 61.1% of eyes experienced RRD. The median time for the occurrence of RRD was 12\u2009weeks (range: 6\u201325 weeks) after disease onset. No correlation was found between the etiologic viral agent (VZV vs non-VZV; p\u2009=\u20091.000), extent of retinitis (1\u20132 quadrant vs 3\u20134 quadrants; p\u2009=\u20090.326), administration of intravitreal ganciclovir (injected vs not injected; p\u2009=\u20090.332), application of prophylactic laser retinopexy (applied vs not applied; p\u2009=\u20090.326), and subsequent occurrence of RRD. At a 2-year follow-up, visual impairment (VA \u2a7d 20\/200) and severe visual loss (VA \u2a7d light perception) were significantly higher in those complicated by RRD compared to non-RRD eyes (81.8% vs 28.6%; p\u2009=\u20090.047, and 45.4% vs 0.0%; p\u2009=\u20090.004, respectively).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Aqueous PCR results are highly consistent with the clinical diagnosis of ARN. Regardless of the method of management, the rate of RRD is high and is associated with a poor visual outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1120672120936181","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,22]],"date-time":"2020-06-22T02:50:50Z","timestamp":1592794250000},"page":"1961-1969","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Acute retinal necrosis: Clinical manifestation and long-term visual outcomes in a series of polymerase chain reaction\u2013positive patients"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5667-5379","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alireza","family":"Hedayatfar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Research Center, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"},{"name":"Noor Ophthalmology Research Center, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, 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