{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T23:28:58Z","timestamp":1783553338983,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,14]],"date-time":"2020-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the serum vitamin D levels of patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC)<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 39 VKC patients (21 males and 18 females) and 32 healthy individuals (19 males and 13 females) were enrolled in this study with the mean age of 18.38\u2009\u00b1\u20098.83 and 21.6\u2009\u00b1\u20099.43, respectively. The type and the grade of VKC were identified for each patient and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels of all subjects were evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The patients affected by VKC had statistically significant lower 25(OH)D levels (27.64\u2009\u00b1\u20098.50\u2009ng\/mL) than healthy subjects group (35.96\u2009\u00b1\u200911.34\u2009ng\/mL) ( p\u2009=\u20090.001). A reverse correlation was found between the serum vitamin D levels and the severity of the VKC but it was not statistically significant ( r\u2009=\u2009\u22120.159, p\u2009=\u20090.33). Besides, there were a few cases with severe and very severe VKC (2 in grade 3 and 4 in grade 4). Patients with the mixed type of the disease had lower serum vitamin D levels in comparison to tarsal and limbal forms but the difference was not statistically significant ( p\u2009=\u20090.38).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study shows that the patients affected by VKC have lower vitamin D levels in comparison to healthy subjects and the screening of all patients with VKC for vitamin D levels seems rational.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1120672120978886","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,14]],"date-time":"2020-12-14T03:09:22Z","timestamp":1607915362000},"page":"3259-3264","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Serum vitamin D levels in patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis and its relationship with 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