{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T20:28:23Z","timestamp":1777580903089,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]],"date-time":"2020-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608076800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Focal choroidal excavation (CE) is an unusual concavity in the choroid without posterior staphyloma or scleral ectasia and with pathogenesis is still unknown. In this article we present a case of de novo progressive focal choroidal excavation associated with exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study was designed as a descriptive case report based on clinical and imaging data collected during patient\u2019s observation and follow-ups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 67-year-old man with systemic hypertension and hypercholesterolemia, with a previous diagnosis of bilateral AMD complicated by already treated macular neovascularization, underwent our attention to perform follow-up visits. Over the 5-year follow-up, the left eye remained stable, requiring no further treatments and disclosing a BCVA of 0.0 LogMAR. On the contrary, the right eye showed several exudation recurrences, requiring further anti-VEGF injections. Structural OCT detected the progressive development of a focal CE, which gradually enlarged converting into a large CE. Structural OCT examinations reported even growing defects of the Bruch\u2019s membrane. Despite the evident progression of the CE, BCVA disclosed stable values over the 5-years follow-up (1.0 LogMAR), with a worsening of metamorphopsia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Large CE may be a complication of neovascular AMD. Bruch\u2019s membrane abnormalities, including thickness and reflectivity changes, detectable on structural OCT, can be considered early biomarkers of potentially developing CE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1120672120981364","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]],"date-time":"2020-12-16T08:01:44Z","timestamp":1608105704000},"page":"NP107-NP109","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Progressive development of large choroidal excavation in neovascular age-related macular degeneration"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4715-8414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Arrigo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Institute San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Mansour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Rafic Hariri University Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Vigan\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Institute San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Gorgoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Institute San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3238-9682","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Bandello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Institute San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0385-7961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maurizio","family":"Battaglia Parodi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Institute San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute University, Milan, 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