{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T23:57:39Z","timestamp":1780099059802,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,3]],"date-time":"2021-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638489600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["8167085"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["8167085"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81970801"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81970801"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>High myopia is of worldwide concern due to its high prevalence, and myopia is an independent risk factor for glaucoma. The purpose of this paper is to review the mechanism and clinical manifestations of optic disc tilt and rotation in high myopia and its relationship with glaucoma, to provide clues for monitoring fundus changes in high myopia and the early diagnosis of high myopia with glaucoma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/11206721211063716","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,3]],"date-time":"2021-12-03T07:26:56Z","timestamp":1638516416000},"page":"2505-2514","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Research advance in optic disc tilt and rotation in high myopia and its implications for glaucoma and visual field defects"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5644-9451","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lurong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ke","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fen","family":"Nie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1101-0602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuanchu","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China"},{"name":"Central South University, Aier School of Ophthalmology, Aier Eye Hospital, Changsha, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000002590"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0000000000000571"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.03.033"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.16-20860"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.10.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.07.051"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001200"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-42895-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.02.040"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000000973"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.03.040"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(02)01339-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2004.08.076"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","first-page":"997","article-title":"Correlations between the optic nerve head morphology and ocular biometrics in highly myopic eyes","volume":"11","author":"Zhao X","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhao X, Jiang H, Li Y, et al. Correlations between the optic nerve head morphology and ocular biometrics in highly myopic eyes. Int J Ophthalmol 2018; 11: 997\u20131001.","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.18-26393"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3341\/kjo.2019.0069"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-38960-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000001182"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2013.05.036"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.14-15819"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.13586"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-012-0193-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","first-page":"112067212094590","article-title":"Association between morphological characteristics of the optic disc and other anatomical features of the fundus in highly myopic eyes","volume":"30","author":"Guo X","year":"2020","unstructured":"Guo X, Chen X, Li M, et al. Association between morphological characteristics of the optic disc and other anatomical features of the fundus in highly myopic eyes. Eur J Ophthalmol 2020; 30: 1120672120945901.","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0213714"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2020.04.041"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2013.11.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e318183589c"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(98)91024-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","first-page":"328","article-title":"Optic disc and refractive status in patients with tilted disc syndrome","volume":"27","author":"Fen D","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fen D, Jun L, Jianbo X, et al. Optic disc and refractive status in patients with tilted disc syndrome. J Clin Ophthalmol 2019; 27: 328\u2013330.","journal-title":"J Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","first-page":"358","article-title":"Clinical features of congenital optic disc anomalies and differential diagnosis","volume":"14","author":"Guohong T","year":"2014","unstructured":"Guohong T, Min W, Xinghuai S. Clinical features of congenital optic disc anomalies and differential diagnosis. Chin J Ophthalmol Otorhinolaryngol 2014; 14: 358\u2013362.","journal-title":"Chin J Ophthalmol Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.62.1.16"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.03.035"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-010-0920-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.11-8195"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2018.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","first-page":"67","article-title":"The posterior staphyloma of pathologic myopia","volume":"75","author":"Curtin BJ","year":"1977","unstructured":"Curtin BJ. The posterior staphyloma of pathologic myopia. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 1977; 75: 67\u201386.","journal-title":"Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brodsky MC. Pediatric Neuro-Ophthalmology. Congenital Optic Disc Anomalies. 2010: 59-96","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-69069-8_2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-12327"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-020-1305-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-017-3865-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000488495"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2017.181"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0000000000000554"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2018.2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2018.01.033"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-019-0438-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.61.13.25"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.18-26397"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2011.01.052"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","first-page":"Ra199","article-title":"Etiopathogenesis and management of high-degree myopia. Part I","volume":"15","author":"Zejmo M","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zejmo M, Formi\u0144ska-Kapu\u015bcik M, Pieczara E, et al. Etiopathogenesis and management of high-degree myopia. Part I. Med Sci Monit 2009; 15: Ra199\u2013Ra202.","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10633-009-9165-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2010.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006982-200206000-00021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cxo.12511"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0209755"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2016.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","first-page":"1492","article-title":"Glaucoma in the northern Ireland cohort for the longitudinal study of ageing (NICOLA): cohort profile, prevalence, awareness and associations","volume":"104","author":"McCann P","year":"2020","unstructured":"McCann P, Hogg R, Wright DM, et al. Glaucoma in the northern Ireland cohort for the longitudinal study of ageing (NICOLA): cohort profile, prevalence, awareness and associations. Br J Ophthalmol 2020; 104: 1492\u20131499.","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.13008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2017.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.12347"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_2","first-page":"789","article-title":"Prevalence of open angle glaucoma in risk groups in Slavonia and Baranya region","volume":"56","author":"Bara\u0107 J","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bara\u0107 J, Biuk D, Mati\u0107 S, et al. Prevalence of open angle glaucoma in risk groups in Slavonia and Baranya region. Acta Clin Croat 2017; 56: 789\u2013794.","journal-title":"Acta Clin Croat"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02713683.2016.1151053"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21608\/ejhm.2018.9132"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2017.33"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2019.103485"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-016-0264-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_69_2","first-page":"1151","article-title":"Optic disc, cup and neuroretinal rim size, configuration and correlations in normal eyes","volume":"29","author":"Jonas JB","year":"1988","unstructured":"Jonas JB, Gusek GC, Naumann GO. Optic disc, cup and neuroretinal rim size, configuration and correlations in normal eyes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1988; 29: 1151\u20131158.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.82.12.1366"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogla.2018.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2014.256"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000001328"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.8.1.22"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cxo.13060"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2020.08.034"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000022685"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/11206721211063716","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/11206721211063716","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/11206721211063716","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T19:45:25Z","timestamp":1777405525000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/11206721211063716"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,3]]},"references-count":76,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/11206721211063716"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/11206721211063716","relation":{},"ISSN":["1120-6721","1724-6016"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1120-6721","type":"print"},{"value":"1724-6016","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,3]]}}}