{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T20:37:50Z","timestamp":1777581470212,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,26]],"date-time":"2021-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611619200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although acute conjunctivitis has been listed from the beginning as a possible sign of COVID-19, the likelihood of this association remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between COVID-19 and conjunctivitis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this retrospective, observational study, we recruited all patients with signs and symptoms of acute conjunctivitis seen at the Eye Emergency Department (ED), Turin Eye Hospital, between 01\/01\/2020 and 12\/05\/2020 and cross-checked our data with the Piedmont Region online COVID-19 registry in the same period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 10,065 patients seen at our ED during the timespan considered, 88 underwent a nasopharyngeal swab (NS) for SARS-CoV-2 detection within 4\u2009weeks before\/after our examination. On average, NS was performed \u22120.72\u2009\u00b1\u20091.8\u2009weeks before\/after eye examination. Of the 77 patients with a negative NS, 26 (33.8%) had a diagnosis of acute conjunctivitis, whereas the remaining 51 (66.2%) had other eye disorders. Among the 11 patients with COVID-19, 7 (63,6%) had a diagnosis of acute conjunctivitis. We found a non-statistically significant increase in NS positivity rate (21.2%) among cases examined at our ED for acute conjunctivitis, compared to the NS positivity rate (7.3%) in patients examined for all other eye conditions ( p\u2009=\u20090.092). The Odds Ratio of having a positive NS in patients with acute conjunctivitis was 3.43 (95% I.C.\u2009=\u20090.9\u201312.8, p\u2009=\u20090.06). Considering online-registry data of Turin population during the same time-span, among 2441 positive NS cases only 27 (1.1%) presented with acute conjunctivitis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our results do not reveal a statistically significant correlation between COVID-19 and acute conjunctivitis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Synopsis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The present study analyzes retrospectively data from a tertiary eye referral center to investigate the relationship between COVID-19 infection and conjunctivitis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1120672121991049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,27]],"date-time":"2021-01-27T02:12:22Z","timestamp":1611713542000},"page":"2910-2913","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Covid-19 and acute conjunctivitis: Controversial data from a tertiary refferral Italian center"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9022-4790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"D\u2019Amico Ricci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"U.O. Oculistica 2, Turin Eye Hospital, ASL Citt\u00e0 di Torino, Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1357-2548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"Del Turco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.O. Oculistica 2, Turin Eye Hospital, ASL Citt\u00e0 di Torino, Turin, Italy"},{"name":"Ophthalmology Unit, Humanitas Gradenigo Hospital, Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Belcastro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.O. Oculistica 2, Turin Eye Hospital, ASL Citt\u00e0 di Torino, Turin, Italy"},{"name":"Ophthalmology Unit, Humanitas Gradenigo Hospital, Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Palisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Surgey Unit, Ospedale Mauriziano, Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mario R","family":"Romano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3052-2662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Pinna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical, Surgical, and Experimental Sciences, Ophthalmology Unit, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Panico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.O. Oculistica 2, Turin Eye Hospital, ASL Citt\u00e0 di Torino, Turin, Italy"},{"name":"Ophthalmology Unit, Humanitas Gradenigo Hospital, Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0733-9846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlo","family":"La Spina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.O. Oculistica 2, Turin Eye Hospital, ASL Citt\u00e0 di Torino, Turin, Italy"},{"name":"Ophthalmology Unit, Humanitas Gradenigo Hospital, Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1120672121991049","volume-title":"Ophthalmic manifestations of coronavirus","author":"Hu K","year":"2020"},{"key":"bibr2-1120672121991049","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30313-5"},{"key":"bibr3-1120672121991049","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2020.02.014"},{"key":"bibr4-1120672121991049","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-020-0926-9"},{"key":"bibr5-1120672121991049","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2020.1291"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1120672121991049","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1120672121991049","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1120672121991049","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T19:45:42Z","timestamp":1777405542000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1120672121991049"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,26]]},"references-count":5,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1120672121991049"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1120672121991049","relation":{},"ISSN":["1120-6721","1724-6016"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1120-6721","type":"print"},{"value":"1724-6016","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,26]]}}}