{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T18:19:16Z","timestamp":1793643556907,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,21]],"date-time":"2022-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650499200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compare 0.30% sodium hyaluronate (0.30%HA) ocular gel with 0.18%HA eye drops in terms of improvement of ocular signs and symptoms, in patients with moderate to severe dry eye disease (DED).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a multicentric, randomized, investigator-masked, non-inferiority, comparative study conducted over 84 days. Three visits were scheduled, testing fluorescein corneal and conjunctival staining (Oxford and Van Bijsterveld scores), tear film break-up time (TBUT), Schirmer test, DED symptoms, 5-Item-Dry-Eye-Questionnaire (5-DEQ), patient and investigator satisfaction and frequency of instillation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>At Day 35 (D35) and Day 84 (D84), both groups (n\u2009=\u200935 each) had a significant improvement in corneal staining (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) with no inter-group difference. Van Bijsterveld score improved earlier (D35) for 0.30%HA suggesting a faster effect on conjunctival epithelium healing. There was no difference between the two concentrations in terms of TBUT or Schirmer improvements; however, the Schirmer test increase was only significant for 0.30%HA at D35 (p\u2009=\u20090.040). At D35 and D84, both groups showed similar improvements of DED symptoms and DEQ-5 score. Furthermore, treatment satisfaction was similar for the 2 formulations suggesting that daily use of 0.30%HA do not cause gel-related blurred vision disturbances. Frequency of instillation was similar for both groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study demonstrates the non-inferiority of 0.30%HA gel compared to 0.18%HA solution in patients with moderate to severe DED. Because of its gel formulation and higher HA concentration providing prolonged comfort without causing visual disturbances, 0.30%HA gel might be adapted for bedtime use or during the day in more severe conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/11206721221096321","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,22]],"date-time":"2022-04-22T02:24:06Z","timestamp":1650594246000},"page":"188-195","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Sodium hyaluronate 0.30% ocular gel versus sodium hyaluronate 0.18% eye drop in the treatment of moderate to severe dry eye disease"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Margarita","family":"Calonge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IOBA (Institute of Applied Ophthalmobiology), University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain"},{"name":"CIBER-BBN (Biomedical Research Networking Center Bioengineering, 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