{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T13:34:00Z","timestamp":1782135240748,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,6]],"date-time":"2023-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693958400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To demonstrate that intense pulsed light therapy (IPL) of the upper and lower eyelids with meibomian gland expression (MGX) is effective in improving dry eye disease due to meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with ocular discomfort (Ocular Surface Disease Index -OSDI- above 13) and signs of MGD were recruited. All patients underwent OSDI, visual acuity (VA), intraocular pressure, Schirmer test, meibography, non-invasive tear breakup time (NITBUT), slit-lamp examination (corneal and conjunctival staining, hyperemia, gland expressibility, and meibum quality), tear osmolarity and lipid layer thickness. IPL was performed with Optima IPL (Lumenis Ltd.) following a standardized protocol on upper and lower eyelids of both eyes, with inferior eyelid MGX. Patients received four sessions separated by two weeks each. Four weeks after, examinations were repeated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>160 patients (320 eyes) were included, of which 108 (67.5%) were women and mean age was 59.2\u2009\u00b1\u200915.08 (range 20\u201389). After four sessions, VA, OSDI, tear osmolarity, lipid layer thickness, NITBUT, hyperemia, corneal and conjunctival staining, gland expressibility, meibum quality, inferior eyelid Meiboscore and Schirmer test improved (all, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.027). Changes in OSDI, initial and average NITBUT increased with dry eye disease severity (according to OSDI). Increased pre-treatment OSDI, hyperemia, corneal and conjunctival staining and Schirmer test were associated with an improvement in OSDI (all, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.040). No adverse events were noted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The combination of IPL on upper and lower eyelids with MGX is safe and effective for the treatment of MGD. Patients with severe dry eye disease present greater improvements.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/11206721231199121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,6]],"date-time":"2023-09-06T03:52:07Z","timestamp":1693972327000},"page":"700-707","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Efficacy and safety of intense pulsed light of upper and lower eyelids in Meibomian gland dysfunction: A prospective multicentric study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2010-1701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jose Manuel","family":"Benitez-del-Castillo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigaciones Oftalmol\u00f3gicas Ram\u00f3n Castroviejo, Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Cl\u00ednica Rementer\u00eda, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Dolores","family":"L\u00f3pez-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Department, Unidad de c\u00f3rnea y segmento anterior, Hospital Arruzafa, C\u00f3rdoba, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3587-7892","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Cano-Ortiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Department, Unidad de c\u00f3rnea y segmento anterior, Hospital Arruzafa, C\u00f3rdoba, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Peris-Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Avi\u00f1o Peris Eye Clinic, Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"Ophthalmology Department, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Pinar-Sueiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Department, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebasti\u00e1n, Spain"},{"name":"Vista Instituto Oftalmol\u00f3gico Bilbao, Bilbao, Spain"},{"name":"Centro Oft\u00e1lmico San Sebasti\u00e1n (COSS), San Sebasti\u00e1n, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Gessa-Sorroche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Department, Unidad de c\u00f3rnea y superficie ocular, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, Spain"},{"name":"Unidad de c\u00f3rnea, catarata, refractiva y segmento anterior. 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The prevalence of meibomian gland dysfunction, tear film and ocular surface parameters in an Austrian dry eye clinic population. Acta Ophthalmol [Internet] 2018; 96: e707\u2013e711. 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