{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:11:59Z","timestamp":1787019119419,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]],"date-time":"2024-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711584000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001818","name":"Research to Prevent Blindness","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Challenge Grant"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Challenge Grant"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001818","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009857","name":"Regeneron Pharmaceuticals","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Investigator-Initiated Study"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Investigator-Initiated Study"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009857","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background\/Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Demonstrate through objective multidisciplinary imaging that subretinal drusenoid deposits (SDDs) in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are linked to both coexistent valvular heart disease (VHD) and reduced systemic perfusion via cardiac index (CI).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Post-hoc analysis of cross-sectional study. 200 intermediate AMD (iAMD) subjects were assigned by masked readers to two groups: SDD (with or without drusen) and drusen (only) based on multimodal ophthalmic imaging. 65 transthoracic echocardiograms (TTEs) reports were available for cardiologist evaluation of VHD severity of the four cardiac valves and the presences of precursor lesions of aortic sclerosis (ASc) and mitral annular calcification (MAC). Necessary parameters to calculate CI were also obtained. Univariate testing was performed using Fisher's Exact test and t-test.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      82.6% (19\/23) of the iAMD subjects with at least one moderate\/severe VHD had concurrent SDDs (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0040). All cases of aortic regurgitation (6\/6,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0370) and mitral regurgitation (13\/13,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0004) were found with coexisting SDDs. Stenotic VHD was not significantly associated with SDDs, however 70.7% of subjects with ASc (29\/41,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0108) and 76.0% of subjects with MAC (19\/25, 0.0377) had coexisting SDDs. CI was available in 48 subjects and was significantly below normal levels in the SDD cohort (mean CI SDD 1.95\u2009\u00b1\u20090.60\u2005L\/min\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      , non-SDD 2.71\u2009\u00b1\u20090.73\u2005L\/min\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0004).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Several specific VHDs have been found associated with the SDD form of AMD. Decreased systemic perfusion as measured by CI was also associated with SDDs, which supports a perfusion hypothesis of SDD pathogenesis. Further research is warranted to understand the relationship between cardiovascular disease and SDDs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/11206721241244413","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]],"date-time":"2024-03-28T03:51:21Z","timestamp":1711597881000},"page":"2038-2044","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Quantifying cardiac dysfunction and valvular heart disease associated with subretinal drusenoid deposits in age-related macular degeneration"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4510-3276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang","family":"Fei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason J","family":"Jo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerardo","family":"Ledesma-Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Retina Department, Institute of Ophthalmology Fundaci\u00f3n Conde de Valenciana, Mexico, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1591-9952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oscar","family":"Otero-Marquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuel","family":"Mordechaev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brandon","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuehong","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katy","family":"Tai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gareth","family":"Lema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vitreoretinal Surgery, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard B","family":"Rosen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vikram Vedprakash","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1693-943X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roland Theodore","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA"},{"name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(13)70145-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000003460"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjophth-2022-001154"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7189\/jogh.10.020404"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","first-page":"32","article-title":"Valvular heart disease epidemiology","volume":"10","author":"Aluru JS","year":"2022","unstructured":"Aluru JS, Barsouk A, Saginala K, et al. 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