{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T20:18:56Z","timestamp":1777580336669,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]],"date-time":"2025-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755561600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To report the deviation type, visual and refractive characteristics of patients with dissociated vertical deviation (DVD) requiring unilateral or bilateral strabismus surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study included 180 patients with DVD who underwent unilateral or bilateral strabismus surgery at Farabi Eye Hospital.Age, refractive error (RE), Corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), strabismus angle, presence of amblyopia, and postoperative outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty-eight patients were in unilateral (78.9% bilateral) group. In the unilateral group, CDVA was significantly worse in surgical eyes versus fellow eyes (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001). The mean spherical equivalent in surgical eyes was insignificantly hyperopic than fellow eyes (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">=<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u20090.354). The mean angle of DVD was greater at distance than near (P\u2009&lt;\u2009.05). Furthermore, the most prevalent type was \u201cDVD plus horizontal deviation\u201d (47.4%), followed by pure DVD (23.7%), \u201ccombined DVD, hypertropia (HT) and horizontal deviation\u201d (13.2%), and \u201cHT plus DVD\u201d (15.8%). CDVA in cases needing bilateral surgery in the right and left eye were 0.91\u2009\u00b1\u20090.17 and 0.90\u2009\u00b1\u2009110.17, respectively.In the bilateral group, RE components were similar between eyes but lower than surgical eyes in patients with unilateral surgery (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.05). Moreover, the mean angle of DVD was higher at a distance compared to near.The most prevalent type was \u201cDVD plus horizontal deviation\u201d (64.1%), followed by pure DVD (18.3%), \u201ccombined DVD, HT and horizontal deviation\u201d (13.4%), and \u201cHT plus DVD\u201d (4.2%).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study highlighted significant differences in VA, RE, and prevalence of amblyopia between the two groups.Furthermore, the varying types of coexisting deviations observed in unilateral and bilateral surgery cases emphasize the importance of personalized treatment approaches for patients with DVD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/11206721251367570","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]],"date-time":"2025-08-20T06:27:26Z","timestamp":1755671246000},"page":"97-104","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical features and refractive profile of surgical patients with dissociated vertical deviation"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Mohamad Reza","family":"Akbari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8270-9704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masoud","family":"Khorrami-Nejad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences"},{"name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences"},{"name":"Optical Techniques Department, College of Health and Medical Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University, 51001, Babylon, Iraq"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aiham Ali","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2945-5645","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Foroozan","family":"Narooie-Noori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Yousefi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saba","family":"Javadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pop.2015.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09286580590967772"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09273972.2019.1604773"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyq092"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09273972.2016.1242639"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","volume-title":"Pickwell\u2019s binocular vision anomalies","author":"Evans BJ","year":"2021","unstructured":"Evans BJ. 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