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This systematic review aims to (A) summarize the association between intraocular\/non-ocular cancers and their treatments with the prevalence and etiology of glaucoma, (B) explore glaucoma as a risk factor for complications or poor prognosis for intraocular cancer, and (C) explore the management of glaucoma secondary to cancer therapies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic search was performed from inception to July 2025 across three databases with variants of \u2018cancer\u2019 and \u2018glaucoma\u2019 as search terms. Findings were narratively synthesized.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 8,103 identified studies, 44 were included in this review. Eighteen studies reported increased glaucoma prevalence amongst intraocular and non-ocular cancer patients. Fifteen studies suggested increased risk of regional invasion, metastases, and high-risk histopathologies when intraocular cancers co-occurred with glaucoma. Corticosteroids in cancer therapy have been linked to intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation, while androgen deprivation therapy was associated with lowered glaucoma risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Given the relationship between glaucoma and intraocular\/non-ocular cancers, strategies to monitor and manage glaucoma risk following cancer diagnosis and\/or therapy may be considered. Glaucoma may be an early sign of complications in intraocular cancers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/11206721261445522","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T15:44:13Z","timestamp":1780415053000},"page":"1186-1204","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cancer and glaucoma: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4578-6309","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tammy Si Yue","family":"Yim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine","place":["Singapore"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-4122-6460","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Titus Hutch Jr Yi Zheng","family":"Yim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National University of Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-0678-4848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin Kun Peng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Healthcare Group Eye Institute, Tan Tock Seng Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8256-4894","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bryan Chin Hou","family":"Ang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Healthcare Group Eye Institute, Tan Tock Seng Hospital"},{"name":"Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine"},{"name":"Mayo Clinic"},{"name":"Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore","place":["Singapore"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.05.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(20)30489-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","unstructured":"International Agency for Research on Cancer. 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