{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T23:03:36Z","timestamp":1789167816079,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,16]],"date-time":"2018-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1542326400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Vasc Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction and objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vascular access is essential to perform an adequate hemodialysis. Needle cannulation in vascular access is usually painful. There is little scientific evidence on the analgesic effect of thermotherapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic effect of thermotherapy on vascular access cannulation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a 2-week single center prospective study. Demographic data and vascular access location were collected. The main outcome was pain perceived in vascular access cannulation measured by the visual analog scale. We performed two phases of study: phase I was performed with usual cannulation procedure, and in phase II, we applied local thermotherapy for 15\u2009min (hot packs: 60\u2009s, 600\u2009W). Also, main hemodynamic data, local, and vascular access\u2013related complications were recorded.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 34 patients were enrolled, with a mean age of 67.3 \u00b1 16.4\u2009years and 49.1 \u00b1 66.3\u2009months on hemodialysis. Main cardiovascular risk factors are hypertension (81.8%) and diabetes mellitus (39.4%). Most common vascular access is left radiocephalic fistula (45.5%). Mean weekly\/patient cannulation is 6.03 \u00b1 0.2. Mean visual analog scale is 3.8 \u00b1 2.4. At the end of the study, thermotherapy on the vascular access revealed a significant decrease in visual analog scale (3.9 \u00b1 2.4 vs 2.6 \u00b1 2.0, p = 0.002), without hemodynamic changes pre- and post-intervention, nor changes in analgesic or antihypertensive treatment. One patient had a mild surface erythema. No further complications related to vascular access were observed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>(1) Thermotherapy on the vascular access reduced the pain caused by needle cannulation in our patients, without complications related to vascular access. (2) We will consider its clinical application in those painful vascular access cannulations at our hemodialysis unit. (3) Further studies are required to assess other potential beneficial effects added to thermotherapy in vascular access cannulation procedure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1129729818809013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,16]],"date-time":"2018-11-16T03:50:39Z","timestamp":1542340239000},"page":"386-391","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Thermotherapy: Improving the vascular access cannulation procedure"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Irati","family":"Tapia Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Hospital de Terrassa, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Functional Unit of Vascular Access (FUVA), Hospital de Terrassa, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vicent","family":"Esteve Sim\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Hospital de Terrassa, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Functional Unit of Vascular Access (FUVA), Hospital de Terrassa, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F\u00e1tima","family":"Moreno Guzman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Hospital de Terrassa, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miquel","family":"Fulquet Nicol\u00e1s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Hospital de Terrassa, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ver\u00f3nica","family":"Duarte Gallego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Hospital de Terrassa, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Saurina Sol\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Hospital de Terrassa, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00f3nica","family":"Pou Potau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Hospital de Terrassa, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manel","family":"Ram\u00edrez de Arellano Serna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Hospital de Terrassa, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1129729818809013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJNRD.S46643"},{"key":"bibr2-1129729818809013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nefro.2017.11.004"},{"key":"bibr3-1129729818809013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2006.04.040"},{"key":"bibr4-1129729818809013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-139X.2008.00421.x"},{"key":"bibr5-1129729818809013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5301\/jva.5000021"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr6-1129729818809013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.4321\/S2254-28842016000300003","volume":"19","author":"\u00c1ngel \u00c1ngel ZE","year":"2016","journal-title":"Enferm 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