{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T19:47:39Z","timestamp":1791229659685,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]],"date-time":"2020-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591833600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Vasc Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Newborns admitted to neonatal units often require vascular access. Peripheral intravenous cannulas allow essential medication, fluids, and\/or parenteral nutrition to be delivered. Peripheral intravenous cannulas are often associated with complications, such as extravasation, infiltration, phlebitis, leakage, spontaneous dislodgement, and catheter-associated blood stream infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial evaluating standard replacement versus elective replacement (72\u201396 h) of peripheral intravenous cannula was conducted in a tertiary-level neonatal unit in Melbourne, Australia. The main outcome of this analysis was to assess the risk of combined adverse events associated with elective replacement of peripheral intravenous cannula. A cost analysis of the intervention was also conducted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Combined adverse outcomes noted per infant were 48 (87.27%) in the standard replacement group versus 44 (75.86%) in the elective replacement group (RR 0.87; 95% CI 0.71\u20131.04, p = 0.15). In terms of combined adverse outcome per 1000 intravenous hours, there was a significant risk ratio of 0.81 in the elective group compared with the standard group (95% CI 0.65\u20130.98, p = 0.04). Gestation (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 0.58; 95% CI 0.35\u20130.96, p = 0.03), male gender (AOR 4.65; 95% CI 1.07\u201320.28, p = 0.04), elective replacement (AOR 0.12; 95% CI 0.03\u20130.68, p = 0.01), and the total number of re-sites (AOR 27.84; 95% CI 4.61\u2013168.18, p &lt; 0.001) were significant risk factors associated with adverse events. There were also significantly higher costs involved with elective replacement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Elective replacement of peripheral intravenous cannulas was not shown to reduce the risk of combined adverse events. Elective peripheral intravenous cannula replacement also incurred a higher cost.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1129729820927235","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]],"date-time":"2020-06-11T05:36:36Z","timestamp":1591853796000},"page":"121-128","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Elective replacement of peripheral intravenous cannulas in neonates"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Darien Daojuin","family":"Liew","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindsay","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash Newborn, Monash Children\u2019s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li Yen","family":"Chin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash Newborn, Monash Children\u2019s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miranda","family":"Davies-Tuck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9664-4182","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Atul","family":"Malhotra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"},{"name":"Monash Newborn, Monash Children\u2019s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"},{"name":"The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1129729820927235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.12963"},{"issue":"6","key":"bibr2-1129729820927235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.89.6.1145","volume":"89","author":"Garland JS","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"bibr3-1129729820927235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5301\/jva.5000558"},{"key":"bibr4-1129729820927235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0168637"},{"key":"bibr5-1129729820927235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.2010.01934.x"},{"key":"bibr6-1129729820927235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1891\/0730-0832.20.5.33"},{"key":"bibr7-1129729820927235","first-page":"13","volume":"34","author":"Restieaux M","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr"},{"key":"bibr8-1129729820927235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/neo.5-11-e491"},{"key":"bibr9-1129729820927235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir257"},{"key":"bibr10-1129729820927235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a113702"},{"key":"bibr11-1129729820927235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-114-10-845"},{"key":"bibr12-1129729820927235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.158.2.151"},{"key":"bibr13-1129729820927235","first-page":"CD007798","volume":"1","author":"Webster J","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"bibr14-1129729820927235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NHH.0000000000000481"},{"key":"bibr15-1129729820927235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2008.147595"},{"key":"bibr16-1129729820927235","first-page":"CD004593","volume":"4","author":"Flint A","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"bibr17-1129729820927235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2014.203"},{"key":"bibr18-1129729820927235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-018-3234-7"},{"key":"bibr19-1129729820927235","first-page":"8","volume":"53","author":"Rickard CM","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"bibr20-1129729820927235","unstructured":"Holton T. 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