{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T09:21:31Z","timestamp":1778923291209,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,2]],"date-time":"2024-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Vasc Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Phlegmasia cerulea dolens (PCD) is a rare but limb-threatening complication of deep vein thrombosis. A 72-year-old hemodialysis male patient presented with upper limb PCD. The patient underwent hemodialysis via a permanent hemodialysis central venous catheter (HD-CVC) while a new brachial-cephalic AVF was created 1\u2009month ago. Computed tomography revealed extensive thrombosis of right subclavian and brachiocephalic vein. The HD-CVC was removed and patient was treated with anticoagulation therapy. However, his clinical condition was worsening and he was transferred to IR department. The patient underwent successful percutaneous pharmacomechanical thrombectomy (PMT) of the right subclavian and brachiocephalic vein followed by percutaneous angioplasty (PTA) with significant flow restoration and no signs of pulmonary embolization. PCD may also be developed in hemodialysis patients with well-functioned AVF. Effective and rapid revascularization is important to prevent serious complications such as venous gangrene and limb ischemia. Endovascular treatment with PMT and PTA can be a limb-saving procedure for rapid recanalization in patients with PCD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/11297298241301509","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,2]],"date-time":"2024-12-02T09:28:47Z","timestamp":1733131727000},"page":"1774-1777","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Endovascular treatment of upper limb phlegmasia cerulea dolens in a hemodialysis patient"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9878-6053","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikolaos","family":"Galanakis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Interventional Radiology Unit, Department of Medical Imaging, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nikolaos","family":"Kontopodis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vascular Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Xydakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Venizeleio Hospital, Heraklion, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eleni","family":"Tzali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Venizeleio Hospital, Heraklion, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Tsetis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interventional Radiology Unit, Department of Medical Imaging, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elias","family":"Kehagias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interventional Radiology Unit, Department of Medical Imaging, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800830106"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"379","article-title":"Venous gangrene of the extremities","volume":"37","author":"Lorimer JW","year":"1994","unstructured":"Lorimer JW, Semelhago LC, Barber GG. Venous gangrene of the extremities. Can J Surg 1994; 37(5): 379\u2013384.","journal-title":"Can J Surg"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9072069"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2021.698336"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.09.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1538574410388309"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2011.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1538574416631645"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","article-title":"Upper limb phlegmasia cerulea dolens secondary to heparin-induced thrombocytopenia leading to gangrene","volume":"10","author":"Kommalapati A","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kommalapati A, Kallam A, Krishnamurthy J, et al. Upper limb phlegmasia cerulea dolens secondary to heparin-induced thrombocytopenia leading to gangrene. 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