{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T22:54:57Z","timestamp":1785884097598,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]],"date-time":"2025-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746230400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Vasc Access"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study is aimed at determining the prevalence of peripheral intravenous catheter-related phlebitis in patients with peripheral intravenous catheters.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study is a point prevalence investigation involving 335 peripheral intravenous catheters among hospitalized patients in a teaching hospital in Iraq. Data collection utilized forms that documented patient characteristics, details about the peripheral intravenous catheters, and a phlebitis scale.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The overall prevalence of phlebitis in the study was 64.5%, with the majority of cases classified as Grade 1. Phlebitis primarily developed on Day 1 and was most commonly observed in patients in the Emergency Department. A statistically significant relationship was found between phlebitis development and chronic diseases, with a significantly higher prevalence observed in patients diagnosed with heart failure (88.5%) compared to those with other chronic conditions (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.004).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although the study found a high prevalence of phlebitis, most cases were classified as Grade 1. These findings support the development of policies to enhance patient safety and contribute to improving healthcare systems and literature in Iraq.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/11297298251330946","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]],"date-time":"2025-05-03T07:30:18Z","timestamp":1746257418000},"page":"266-272","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Peripheral intravenous catheter related phlebitis: A point prevalence study in Iraq"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Asaid","family":"Khalid Mahmood Mahmood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Unit, Titrit Teaching Hospital, Salah al-Din, Titrit, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8850-7460","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Banu","family":"Cihan Erdogan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Care Services, Home Patient Care Program, Cerkes Vocational School, Cankiri Karatekin University, Cankiri, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5205\/1981-8963-v12i3a230454p745-752-2018"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e18720"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_559_19"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare9050611"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1980-220x-reeusp-2021-0398en"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NHH.0000000000001270"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","article-title":"Clinically-indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters","volume":"1","author":"Webster J","year":"2019","unstructured":"Webster J, Osborne S, Rickard CM, et al. Clinically-indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019; 1: CD007798.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2021.104095"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1129729819877323"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Point prevalence survey of peripheral venous catheter use in a large tertiary care university hospital in Germany","volume":"8","author":"Seven J","year":"2019","unstructured":"Seven J, Schroeder C, Gruhl D, et al. Point prevalence survey of peripheral venous catheter use in a large tertiary care university hospital in Germany. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2019; 8(1): 1\u20137.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Resist Infect Control"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","first-page":"79","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors for peripheral intravenous catheter-associated phlebitis","volume":"27","author":"Arias L","year":"2017","unstructured":"Arias L, Suerez B. Incidence and risk factors for peripheral intravenous catheter-associated phlebitis. Enferm Clin 2017; 27(2): 79\u201386.","journal-title":"Enferm Clin"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NAN.0b013e3181f85a73"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NAN.0000000000000396"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NAN.0000000000000548"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/11297298231226426"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5152\/JANHS.2023.2287143"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4274\/eamr.galenos.2023.48278"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NAN.0000000000000538"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","first-page":"48","article-title":"Incidence of phlebitis and related factors in peripheral venous access in adults","volume":"23","author":"dos Santos TS","year":"2024","unstructured":"dos Santos TS, Anacleto JC, Cesar VS, et al. Incidence of phlebitis and related factors in peripheral venous access in adults. Enferm Glob 2024; 23(2): 48\u201357.","journal-title":"Enferm Glob"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/bjon.2024.0235"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-022-01009-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NRR.S414331"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/ojem.2021.94020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.16051"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2023.08.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4274\/atfm.galenos.2021.55264"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","first-page":"345","article-title":"Assessment of peripheral intravenous cannula insertion practice among health care workers of Sulaimani Surgical Teaching Hospital","volume":"10","author":"Ahmed KA","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ahmed KA, Hamawandi NM. Assessment of peripheral intravenous cannula insertion practice among health care workers of Sulaimani Surgical Teaching Hospital. Jena School Microb Commun 2020; 10(3): 345\u2013354.","journal-title":"Jena School Microb Commun"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31674\/mjn.2023.v15isupp1.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NAN.0000000000000505"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Vascular Access"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/11297298251330946","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/11297298251330946","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/11297298251330946","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T03:26:28Z","timestamp":1777692388000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/11297298251330946"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/11297298251330946"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/11297298251330946","relation":{},"ISSN":["1129-7298","1724-6032"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1129-7298","type":"print"},{"value":"1724-6032","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]]}}}