{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T19:49:04Z","timestamp":1791834544678,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791504000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Vasc Access"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ultrasound-guided peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) placement requires stable probe handling and continuous needle-tip tracking, yet novice nurses have limited opportunities for repeated clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the association between porcine tissue-based simulation training and early ultrasound-guided PICC placement performance among trainees.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This quasi-experimental study enrolled 216 infusion-therapy nurse trainees in Sichuan, China (2018\u20132021). Trainees were assigned by training period to a porcine tissue simulator group (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009115) or a traditional arm-model group (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009101). In each trainee\u2019s first clinical PICC after training, two preceptors assessed probe handling (vein identification within 10\u2009s; maintenance of vessel centering), puncture behaviors (needle advancement aligned with the vertical centerline of the target vein on the ultrasound short-axis view; intraluminal needle-tip centering; continuous needle-tip visualization), and procedural familiarity scores.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Vein identification within 10\u2009s was similar between groups (93.0% vs 90.1%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.435). Compared with the arm-model group, the simulator group more often maintained vessel centering (90.4% vs 70.3%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), advanced the needle in alignment with the target vein (91.3% vs 69.3%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), achieved intraluminal needle-tip centering (87.0% vs 60.4%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and maintained continuous needle-tip visualization (74.8% vs 50.5%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Procedural familiarity scores were higher in the simulator group (94.3\u2009\u00b1\u20091.6 vs 93.4\u2009\u00b1\u20091.6,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A porcine tissue-based ultrasound-capable simulator may be a feasible and accessible tool for early ultrasound-guided PICC training and was associated with better early performance in selected probe-handling and puncture behaviors during the first clinical case after training. These findings should be interpreted in light of the nonrandomized, time-based cohort design and require further validation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/11297298261488204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T10:49:38Z","timestamp":1791542978000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluation of a porcine tissue-based simulator for teaching ultrasound-guided PICC placement"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3647-0789","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lei","family":"Deng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiao","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Research Institute, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Research Institute, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qin","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Research Institute, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"},{"name":"Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Research Institute, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare13161993"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000033624"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2020.1300"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NAN.0000000000000532"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","article-title":"Outcomes of simulation-based education for vascular access: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Okano H","year":"2021","unstructured":"Okano H, Mayumi T, Kataoka Y, et al. Outcomes of simulation-based education for vascular access: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cureus 2021; 13(8): e17188.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","article-title":"AIUM practice parameter for the use of ultrasound to guide vascular access procedures","volume":"38","author":"Moore C","year":"2019","unstructured":"Moore C, Kollpainter R, Andrews L, et al. AIUM practice parameter for the use of ultrasound to guide vascular access procedures. J Ultrasound Med 2019; 38(3): E4\u2013E18.","journal-title":"J Ultrasound Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2021.12.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-019-02702-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/AMEP.S142605"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15766\/mep_2374-8265.11276"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2021.105127"},{"issue":"02","key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","first-page":"166","article-title":"Development of an electronic simulation teaching model for endodontic root canal therapy","volume":"28","author":"He W","year":"2014","unstructured":"He W, Leng W, Luo Z, et al. Development of an electronic simulation teaching model for endodontic root canal therapy. China Med Educ Technol 2014; 28(02): 166\u2013168. 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