{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T15:55:57Z","timestamp":1783785357376,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Bioinform Biol Insights"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mycetoma is a distinct body tissue destructive and neglected tropical disease. It is endemic in many tropical and subtropical countries. Mycetoma is caused by bacterial infections ( actinomycetoma) such as Streptomyces somaliensis and Nocardiae or true fungi ( eumycetoma) such as Madurella mycetomatis. To date, treatments fail to cure the infection and the available marketed drugs are expensive and toxic upon prolonged usage. Moreover, no vaccine was prepared yet against mycetoma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study is to predict effective epitope-based vaccine against fructose-bisphosphate aldolase enzymes of M. mycetomatis using immunoinformatics approaches.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and materials:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase of M. mycetomatis sequence was retrieved from NCBI. Different prediction tools were used to analyze the nominee\u2019s epitopes in Immune Epitope Database for B-cell, T-cell MHC class II and class I. Then the proposed peptides were docked using Autodock 4.0 software program.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results and conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The proposed and promising peptides KYLQ show a potent binding affinity to B-cell, FEYARKHAF with a very strong binding affinity to MHC I alleles and FFKEHGVPL that shows a very strong binding affinity to MHC II and MHC I alleles. This indicates a strong potential to formulate a new vaccine, especially with the peptide FFKEHGVPL which is likely to be the first proposed epitope-based vaccine against fructose-bisphosphate aldolase of M. mycetomatis. This study recommends an in vivo assessment for the most promising peptides especially FFKEHGVPL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1177932218809703","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,12]],"date-time":"2018-11-12T05:23:46Z","timestamp":1542000226000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Epitope-Based Peptide Vaccine Against Fructose-Bisphosphate Aldolase of\n                    <i>Madurella mycetomatis<\/i>\n                    Using Immunoinformatics Approaches"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5237-7828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arwa A","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Sudan Medical Council, Khartoum, Sudan"},{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Africa City of Technology, Khartoum, Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayman MH","family":"ALnaby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Africa City of Technology, Khartoum, Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4200-8994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Solima M","family":"Sabeel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Africa City of Technology, Khartoum, Sudan"},{"name":"Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fagr M","family":"AbdElmarouf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Africa City of Technology, Khartoum, Sudan"},{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amina I","family":"Dirar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Africa City of Technology, Khartoum, Sudan"},{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mostafa M","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Africa City of Technology, Khartoum, Sudan"},{"name":"Faculty of Medical Laboratory, University of Sciences and Technology, Omdurman, Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mustafa A","family":"Khandgawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Africa City of Technology, Khartoum, Sudan"},{"name":"Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdelhameed M","family":"Yousif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Africa City of Technology, Khartoum, Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eman M","family":"Abdulgadir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Africa City of Technology, Khartoum, Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magdi A","family":"Sabahalkhair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Africa City of Technology, Khartoum, Sudan"},{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, The National Ribat University, Khartoum, Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayman E","family":"Abbas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Africa City of Technology, Khartoum, Sudan"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed A","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Africa City of Technology, Khartoum, Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1177932218809703","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zijlstra EE, van de Sande WWJ, Welsh O, Mahgoub ES, Goodfellow M, Fahal AH. 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