{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T18:38:59Z","timestamp":1777574339173,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environ\ufffdHealth\ufffdInsights"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The 21st century has seen a wide range of diseases resulting from zoonotic infections, of which bacterial infections have led to outbreaks of food-borne diseases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study looks at bacterial pathogen carriage by farm rats and their antimicrobial susceptibility, with the view of providing insights for antimicrobial surveillance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Farm rats of Rattus rattus species where randomly collected alive from farms in Al-Ahsa using food baits. They were anaesthetize with urethane within 4\u2009h of collection and were unconscious for the collection of samples. Basic bacteriological culturing methods were used for culturing of bacterial isolates on selective media while the Vitek 2 compact automated system (BioMerieux, Marcy L\u2019Etoile, France) was used for bacteria identification and antimicrobial susceptibility test. Obtained data were analysed using chi-square and paired t-test with significant difference between sensitive and resistance to antimicrobial susceptibility taken at P\u2009&lt;\u2009.05.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Isolated Gramme-negative pathogenic bacteria included strains of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas oryzihabitans, strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella. For the Gramme-positive bacteria, 4 strains of Staphylococcus aureus were encountered. Other Gramme-positive bacteria were coagulase-negative Staphylococcal species (CoNS) as well as Staphylococcus lugdunensis. There was a 100% resistance to the penicillins and a high resistance to imipenem (71%) by the Staphylococcal isolates. Resistance was also high against the \u03b2-lactams by the Gramme-positive bacteria isolates. For the Gramme-negative bacteria, there was a higher than 50% resistance by the isolates against the following antibiotics: ampicillin (78%), amoxicillin\/clavulanic acid (67%), cefotaxime (77%), ceftazidime (67%), cefepime (78%), norfloxacin (67%), nitrofurantoin (67%), and trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole (78%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results showed high antimicrobial resistance that will need monitoring for control of spread from farm rats to humans.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1178630220942240","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,17]],"date-time":"2020-08-17T02:22:57Z","timestamp":1597630977000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["An Investigation of Potential Health Risks from Zoonotic Bacterial Pathogens Associated with Farm Rats"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9201-6215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorina","family":"Badger-Emeka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Microbiology Division, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasmeen","family":"Al-Mulhim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fatimah","family":"Al-Muyidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maram","family":"Busuhail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salma","family":"Alkhalifah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norah","family":"AlEid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1178630220942240","unstructured":"World Health Organization, South-East Asia Region, Western Pacific Region. 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