{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T16:12:15Z","timestamp":1791562335905,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environ\ufffdHealth\ufffdInsights"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Due to the increasing adoption of nutrient discharge regulations, many research groups are stepping into new territory with phosphorus (P) measurements. Accurate reporting of P concentrations in effluent from novel wastewater treatment technologies is critical for protecting both environmental and human health. Analysis of P in wastewater is prone to pitfalls because of the (1) variety of chemical forms of P in wastewater (orthophosphate, condensed P, and organic P), (2) availability of different chemical assays for measuring different P forms, and (3) different conventions in the units for reporting P. Here, we present a case study highlighting how these pitfalls affect analysis and interpretation of P measurements. We show that, when used appropriately, commercially-available kits are indeed accurate tools for evaluating reactive P and total P concentrations. For both standard solutions and real wastewater, we systematically remove steps from the total P protocol to show how protocol deviations affect the results. While standard solutions are important for validating analytical methods, commercially-available wastewater standard solutions only contain P as orthophosphate (reactive P). We therefore demonstrate options for making a mixed-P standard solution containing acid-hydrolyzable and\/or organic P compounds that can be used to validate both reactive P and total P assays.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/11786302211019218","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,3]],"date-time":"2021-06-03T14:45:59Z","timestamp":1622731559000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Potential Pitfalls in Wastewater Phosphorus Analysis and How to Avoid Them"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Praveen","family":"Rosario","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"RTI International India, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramya","family":"Viswash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, TN, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thamayanthi","family":"Seenivasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, TN, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sudha","family":"Ramalingam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, TN, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katelyn L","family":"Sellgren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Water, Sanitation, Hygiene, and Infectious Disease (WaSH-AID), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Grego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Water, Sanitation, Hygiene, and Infectious Disease (WaSH-AID), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 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