{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T04:45:19Z","timestamp":1794026719910,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environ\ufffdHealth\ufffdInsights"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Antimicrobial use in animal husbandry is a common practice in developing countries as a response to the growing demand for animal-based foods. Veterinary antibiotics account for most of the antibiotics used worldwide. This review aims to provide an overview of the impact of antibiotic usage in livestock production on the environment and its consequences in the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance. The global estimate of antibiotic consumption in animals ranges from 63\u2009000 to 106\u2009000\u2009tons annually. The most commonly used antibiotic classes include tetracyclines, sulfonamides, \u03b2-lactams, macrolides, and trimethoprim. Most of the antibiotics used in animal treatments are not fully metabolized within the animal\u2019s body; instead, they are excreted and can enter the environment. This review also provides a brief overview of the fate of antibiotic residues and their behavior in the environment. In developing countries, in addition to the lack of data on antibiotic use trends, there are limitations in implementing scientific and regulatory frameworks for antibiotic use in livestock. To reduce the projected loss of lives associated with antimicrobial resistant infections, it is recommended to lower antibiotic contamination in the environment by implementing affordable and critical actions related to antibiotic usage and residual waste management. Actions such as rational use of antibiotics in all circumstances, reducing environmental exposure to antibiotics, research, and environmental surveillance are important to tackle the problems of antibiotic resistance, especially in low-income countries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/11786302251357775","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]],"date-time":"2025-07-28T06:45:22Z","timestamp":1753685122000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Antibiotic Use in Livestock and Environmental Antibiotic Resistance: A Narrative Review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Tesfaye Admassu","family":"Abate","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Research Center, Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alemayehu Godana","family":"Birhanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Research Center, Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2010.519837"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.10.137"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics2010100"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","author":"Song W","unstructured":"Song W, Mingxin G Residual veterinary pharmaceuticals in animal manures and their environmental behaviors in soils. In: He Z, Zhang H, eds. Applied manure and nutrient chemistry for sustainable agriculture and environment. Springer Netherlands; 2014;23-52.","journal-title":"Applied manure and nutrient chemistry for sustainable agriculture and environment"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2016.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.040618-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10934529.2011.627036"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.01.032"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2015.07.0336"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.04.024"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics10050534"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics9120918"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance in food-producing animals in China","volume":"134","author":"ZiPing W.","year":"2019","unstructured":"ZiPing W. Antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance in food-producing animals in China. OECD Food Agric Fish Work Pap. 2019;134:1-26.","journal-title":"OECD Food Agric Fish Work Pap"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2024.1411160"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1503141112"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-020-0697-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.1415"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-015-1466-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10123-023-00462-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00204-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.2022.039"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2006.03.026"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2020.00055"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5772\/60847"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance : tackling a crisis for the health and wealth of nations. Review on Antibiotic resistance","volume":"20","author":"O\u2019 Neil J","year":"2014","unstructured":"O\u2019 Neil J. Antimicrobial resistance : tackling a crisis for the health and wealth of nations. Review on Antibiotic resistance. Heal Wealth Nations. 2014;20:1-16.","journal-title":"Heal Wealth Nations"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","first-page":"161","article-title":"Antibiotics usage in food animal production and their public health hazards : a review","volume":"17","author":"Yitbarek D","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yitbarek D, Nigatu S, Demessie Y, Getnet K, Adugna W. Antibiotics usage in food animal production and their public health hazards : a review. Glob Vet. 2016;17(2):161-168.","journal-title":"Glob Vet"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3270"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12101504"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1984-82502011000100003"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"The hidden effects of dairy farming on public and environmental health in the Netherlands, India, Ethiopia, and Uganda, considering the use of antibiotics and other agro-chemicals","volume":"4","author":"Groot MJ","year":"2016","unstructured":"Groot MJ, van\u2019t Hooft KE. The hidden effects of dairy farming on public and environmental health in the Netherlands, India, Ethiopia, and Uganda, considering the use of antibiotics and other agro-chemicals. Front Public Health. 2016;4(12):1-9.","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.07.031"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/974843"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani4020146"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.01728"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.01881"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2021.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20031681"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12050805"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14787210.2021.1951705"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17221\/6865-VETMED"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3844\/ajassp.2015.80.88"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1573411012666151009193108"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2008.11.086"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph16111615"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/emi.2015.8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.1662"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2013.0492"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2013.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2014.02.027"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2007.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0270945"},{"issue":"733065","key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Trace detection and quantitation of antibiotics in a South African stream receiving wastewater effluents and municipal dumpsite leachates","volume":"9","author":"Ncube S","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ncube S, Nuapia YB, Chimuka L, Madikizela LM, Etale A. Trace detection and quantitation of antibiotics in a South African stream receiving wastewater effluents and municipal dumpsite leachates. Front Environ Sci. 2021;9(733065):1-9.","journal-title":"Front Environ Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.03.034"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2016.02.049"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/aep-2015-0035"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2015.11.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Pharmaceuticals in the environment: a growing threat to our tap water and wildlife","author":"Lyons G.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lyons G. Pharmaceuticals in the environment: a growing threat to our tap water and wildlife. CHEM Trust Report. 2014;1-32. https:\/\/www.chemtrust.org.uk","journal-title":"CHEM Trust Report"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2312"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b01649"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/w12123313"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11270-010-0412-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2013.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5191"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.00338"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejar.2014.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2008.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2005.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/2047773215Y.0000000030"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature17042"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2013.00015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2008.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6976.2008.00142.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e32716"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_75_2","article-title":"A critical analysis of the review on antimicrobial resistance report and the infectious disease financing facility","volume":"12","author":"Brogan DM","year":"2016","unstructured":"Brogan DM, Mossialos E. A critical analysis of the review on antimicrobial resistance report and the infectious disease financing facility. Global Health. 2016;12(1):8-7.","journal-title":"Global Health"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00048-19"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S342753"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2014.0082"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/bjbs.2023.11387"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_81_2","first-page":"36","article-title":"Epidemiology and genotyping of rotavirus gastroenteritis in children <5 years in Sikkim, North East India","volume":"11","author":"Gurung S","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gurung S, Chatterjee A, Yonzan R, et al. Epidemiology and genotyping of rotavirus gastroenteritis in children <5 years in Sikkim, North East India. J Glob Infet Dis. 2019;11:36-42.","journal-title":"J Glob Infet Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0295956"}],"container-title":["Environmental Health Insights"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/11786302251357775","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/11786302251357775","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/11786302251357775","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T19:23:46Z","timestamp":1777404226000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/11786302251357775"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":81,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/11786302251357775"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/11786302251357775","relation":{},"ISSN":["1178-6302","1178-6302"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1178-6302","type":"print"},{"value":"1178-6302","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"article-number":"11786302251357775"}}