{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T02:55:45Z","timestamp":1791860145905,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":114,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J\ufffdTryptophan\ufffdRes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Nicotinamide, the amide form of vitamin B\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    (niacin), has long been associated with neuronal development, survival, and function in the central nervous system (CNS), being implicated in both neuronal death and neuroprotection. Here, we summarise a body of research investigating the role of nicotinamide in neuronal health within the CNS, with a focus on studies that have shown a neuroprotective effect. Nicotinamide appears to play a role in protecting neurons from traumatic injury, ischaemia, and stroke, as well as being implicated in 3 key neurodegenerative conditions: Alzheimer\u2019s, Parkinson\u2019s, and Huntington\u2019s diseases. A key factor is the bioavailability of nicotinamide, with low concentrations leading to neurological deficits and dementia and high levels potentially causing neurotoxicity. Finally, nicotinamide\u2019s potential mechanisms of action are discussed, including the general maintenance of cellular energy levels and the more specific inhibition of molecules such as the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent deacetylase, sirtuin 1 (SIRT1).\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1178646918776658","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,22]],"date-time":"2018-05-22T02:52:47Z","timestamp":1526957567000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":179,"title":["The Influence of Nicotinamide on Health and Disease in the Central Nervous System"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Rosemary A","family":"Fricker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma L","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stuart I","family":"Jenkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00edle M","family":"Griffin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Staffordshire, 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Nicotinamide alone accelerates the conversion of mouse embryonic stem cells into mature neuronal populations. 2017;12:e0183358.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0183358"},{"key":"bibr34-1178646918776658","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.13499"},{"key":"bibr35-1178646918776658","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Verdin E. NAD+ in aging, metabolism, and neurodegeneration. Science. 2015;350:1208\u20131213. http:\/\/science.sciencemag.org\/content\/sci\/350\/6265\/1208.full.pdf. 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Expression of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (E.C. 2.1.1.1) in the Parkinsonian brain. 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Nicotinamide inhibits cyclic ADP-ribose-mediated calcium signalling in sea urchin eggs. Biochem J. 1996;319:613\u2013617. http:\/\/www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov\/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1217811&tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract.","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3190613"},{"key":"bibr110-1178646918776658","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11302-006-9038-7"},{"key":"bibr111-1178646918776658","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.102.035048.logical"},{"key":"bibr112-1178646918776658","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms14058869"},{"key":"bibr113-1178646918776658","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ungvari Z, Parrado-Fernandez C, Csiszar A, De Cabo R. Mechanisms underlying caloric restriction and life span regulation: implications for vascular aging (historical perspective). Circ Res. 2008;102:519\u2013528. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2424221\/pdf\/nihms50295.pdf. 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