{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T16:37:02Z","timestamp":1787243822303,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Clinical Chemistry of the Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J\ufffdTryptophan\ufffdRes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The vital role of the maternal tryptophan (TRP) metabolism in maternal health and pregnancy is well established. However, non-medical maternal determinants influencing the TRP metabolism have been poorly investigated. We hypothesise that periconceptional maternal non-medical determinants alter the TRP metabolism, affecting both kynurenine (KP) and serotonin pathway (SP) metabolite concentrations. Therefore, we investigated the influence of non-medical maternal determinants on the TRP metabolism during the periconception period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>About 1916 pregnancies were included from the Rotterdam Periconceptional Cohort between November 2010 and December 2020. Data on periconceptional non-medical maternal determinants were collected through questionnaires. Serum samples were collected at 8.5 (SD\u2009=\u20091.6) weeks of gestation and TRP, kynurenine (KYN), 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), 5-HT (5-hydroxytryptamine) and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA) were determined using validated liquid chromatography (tandem) mass spectrometry. Mixed models were used to determine associations between periconceptional non-medical maternal determinants and these metabolites.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In total 11 periconceptional non-medical maternal determinants were identified. Protein intake was positively associated with TRP ( \u03b2\u2009=\u2009.12, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.07-0.17), while age, energy intake and body mass index (BMI) ( \u03b2\u2009=\u2009\u2212.24, 95% CI\u2009=\u2009\u22120.37 to \u22120.10) were negatively associated with TRP. Age, BMI and total homocysteine were associated with higher KYN, whereas non-western geographical origin was associated with lower KYN ( \u03b2\u2009=\u2009\u2212.09, 95% CI\u2009=\u2009\u22120.16 to \u22120.03). Protein intake and total homocysteine ( \u03b2\u2009=\u2009.07, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.03-0.11) had a positive association with 5-HTP, while a negative association was found for energy intake. A non-western geographical origin and drug use were associated with higher 5-HT, and BMI with lower 5-HT ( \u03b2\u2009=\u2009\u22126.32, 95% CI\u2009=\u2009\u221210.26 to \u22122.38). Age was positively associated with 5-HIAA ( \u03b2\u2009=\u2009.92, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.29-1.56), and BMI negatively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Periconceptional non-medical maternal determinants, including age, geographical origin, drug use, energy and protein intake, BMI and total homocysteine, influence KP and SP metabolite concentrations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/11786469241257816","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]],"date-time":"2024-06-12T04:10:57Z","timestamp":1718165457000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Periconceptional Non-medical Maternal Determinants Influence the Tryptophan Metabolism: The Rotterdam Periconceptional Cohort (Predict Study)"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Sofie KM","family":"van Zundert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lenie","family":"van Rossem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mina","family":"Mirzaian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pieter H","family":"Griffioen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sten P","family":"Willemsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ron HN","family":"van Schaik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R\u00e9gine PM","family":"Steegers-Theunissen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-11786469241257816","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22062973"},{"key":"bibr2-11786469241257816","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1178646917691938"},{"key":"bibr3-11786469241257816","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/advances\/nmz127"},{"key":"bibr4-11786469241257816","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.14970"},{"key":"bibr5-11786469241257816","first-page":"1","author":"Jiang L","year":"2023","journal-title":"Crit Rev Food Sci 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