{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T23:16:09Z","timestamp":1777936569694,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"CCSG Core Grant","award":["T32 CA00946"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 CA00946"]}]},{"name":"CCSG Core Grant","award":["P30 CA008748"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 CA008748"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006545","name":"National Institute of Minority Health and Health Disparities","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R21MD013674"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21MD013674"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006545","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006545","name":"National Institute of Minority Health and Health Disparities","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["1R21MD013674-02S1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R21MD013674-02S1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006545","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006545","name":"National Institute of Minority Health and Health Disparities","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["1R21MD013674-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R21MD013674-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006545","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ponce Health Sciences University-Moffitt Cancer Center Partnership","award":["2U54CA163071"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2U54CA163071"]}]},{"name":"Ponce Health Sciences University-Moffitt Cancer Center Partnership","award":["2U54CA163068"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2U54CA163068"]}]},{"name":"Mental Health with Community Participatory Reach for Equity","award":["U01CA290613"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01CA290613"]}]},{"name":"National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health","award":["2U54163098-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2U54163098-06"]}]},{"name":"National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health","award":["2U54CA163071-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2U54CA163071-06"]}]},{"name":"National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health","award":["U01CA290613"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01CA290613"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Tob Use Insights"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This preliminary study aimed to examine the smoking rate among Puerto Rican cancer survivors and identify correlations with demographic, clinical, and psychological factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a secondary analysis using baseline data from 384 cancer survivors in Puerto Rico, collected between January 2018 and March 2023. Participants were recruited through community support groups and hospital settings. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, cancer type, treatments, psychological distress (assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-8 for depression and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 for anxiety), and smoking behaviors were analyzed. Significant associations with smoking were then tested in a logistic regression model, adjusted for all significant correlations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      7.5% of the sample reported smoking in the past 6\u00a0months, with a median consumption of six cigarettes per day. Depression was the only significant factor correlated with smoking, with participants who smoked reporting higher levels of depression. Other variables, such as age, gender, cancer type, and treatments, showed no significant correlation with smoking behavior. In the logistic regression model, elevated depressive symptoms were significantly associated with an increased likelihood of smoking, with individuals reporting such symptoms being 3.03 times more likely to smoke (95% CI [1.39, 6.63],\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .005). Other variables, such as age, gender, cancer type, and treatments, showed no significant correlation with smoking behavior.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Depressive symptoms are associated with smoking among Puerto Rican cancer survivors. This finding highlights the critical need for integrated mental health screening and support within smoking cessation programs tailored for this population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1179173x251359972","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T17:02:53Z","timestamp":1758906173000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Preliminary Evaluation of Cigarette Smoking and its Correlates Among Cancer Survivors in Puerto Rico"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6270-0326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruthmarie","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Torres","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry &amp; Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eida M.","family":"Castro-Figueroa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Behavioral Sciences, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA"},{"name":"Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9081-5339","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guillermo N.","family":"Armaiz-Pena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA"},{"name":"School of Dental Medicine, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zindie","family":"Rodriguez-Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3495-5991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Pe\u00f1a-Vargas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Behavioral Sciences, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA"},{"name":"Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9446-3775","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lianel P.","family":"Rosario","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Behavioral Sciences, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA"},{"name":"Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9703-9691","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Cecilia","family":"Sala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Juan, PR, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2548-1085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Virmarie","family":"Correa-Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological, Health, and Learning Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8069-1750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Cartujano-Barrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosario","family":"Costas-Mu\u00f1iz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry &amp; Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2671-5680","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jamie S.","family":"Ostroff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry &amp; Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.28695"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7218a1"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_4_2","unstructured":"U.S. Cancer Statistics Working Group. State Cancer Profiles: Smoking Risk by State and Demographic Factors. Bethesda MD: National Cancer Institute and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2024. Available from: https:\/\/statecancerprofiles.cancer.gov\/risk\/index.php?topic=smoke&risk=v19&race=05&sex=0&type=risk&sortVariableName=default&sortOrder=default#notes. Accessed December 12 2024."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2023.1261041"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17239109"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.37867"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11912-009-0064-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2014.01.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_10_2","volume-title":"Cancer facts & figures for hispanics\/latinos 2024-2026","author":"American Cancer Society","year":"2024","unstructured":"American Cancer Society. Cancer facts & figures for hispanics\/latinos 2024-2026. Atlanta, GA: American Cancer Society; 2024."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_11_2","unstructured":"U.S. Census Bureau. Hispanic or Latino Origin by Specific Origin. Washington DC: U.S. Census Bureau; 2023. In: American Community Survey ACS 1-Year Estimates Detailed Tables. Available from: https:\/\/censusreporter.org\/tables\/B03001\/. 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