{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T21:03:05Z","timestamp":1780002185832,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Med Insights Cardiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Long COVID is associated with persistent symptoms including cardiovascular complications; however, the epidemiology and directionality of this association remain unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Utilizing a retrospective cohort study design with cross-sectional analyses, 8,332 respondents aged 18 and older from the 2022 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) who had a prior COVID-19 infection, were analyzed to determine the temporal association between long COVID and cardiovascular disease (CVD), modeling each as both outcome and exposure in separate analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Long COVID was associated with any CVD diagnosis (OR 1.37; 95% CI: 1.05-1.80), specifically angina (OR 1.81; 95% CI: 1.18-2.77) and myocardial infarction (OR 1.50; 95% CI: 1.01-2.23). Temporally, long COVID was associated with higher odds of CVD diagnoses in the same year or following year after COVID-19 (OR 2.62; 95% CI: 1.05\u20136.51) and in subsequent years only (OR 8.60; 95% CI: 1.53\u201348.3). Respondents with pre-existing CVD did not have statistically significant greater odds of reporting new long COVID symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings demonstrate that long COVID is associated with the subsequent development of CVD, underscoring the need for further research in this patient population to improve health interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/11795468261455387","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T13:22:56Z","timestamp":1779715376000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Long COVID and Cardiovascular Diseases Among U.S. Adults: Results From the U.S. Medical Expenditure Panel Survey"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4788-0031","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Geoffrey Y.","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor College of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John C.","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dang","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health"},{"name":"Harvard University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sameed Ahmed M.","family":"Khatana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas P.","family":"Giordano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor College of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/01410768241288345"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2024.11370"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-022-00846-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/openhrt-2024-002662"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","volume-title":"Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)","author":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality","year":"2025","unstructured":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS); 2025. Available at: https:\/\/meps.ahrq.gov\/mepsweb\/. Accessed 15 May 2025."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-022-01786-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2024.1268571"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.202451145"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10557-023-07465-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2024.02.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2022.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3947\/ic.2024.0024"}],"container-title":["Clinical Medicine Insights: Cardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/11795468261455387","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/11795468261455387","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/11795468261455387","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T20:16:24Z","timestamp":1779999384000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/11795468261455387"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":12,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/11795468261455387"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/11795468261455387","relation":{},"ISSN":["1179-5468","1179-5468"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1179-5468","type":"print"},{"value":"1179-5468","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"article-number":"11795468261455387"}}