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We report a case of a 69-year-old patient who presented with clinical symptoms of malignant hypercalcemia due to a retrotracheal mediastinal parathyroid adenoma. The surgical excision leads to a quick normalisation of the phosphocalcic balance with improvement of the clinical symptoms. Ectopic hypersecreting parathyroid adenoma with life-threatening hypercalcemia should prompt radiological assessment and appropriate surgical management to prevent further clinical complications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1179548418811840","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,16]],"date-time":"2018-11-16T07:09:38Z","timestamp":1542352178000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["An Unusual Mass of Posterior Mediastinum: A Case of Retrotracheal Parathyroid Adenoma Presenting With Primary Hyperparathyroidism"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Sani","family":"Rabiou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery, CHU Hassan II, F\u00e8s, 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