{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T01:59:35Z","timestamp":1777514375486,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,10,1]],"date-time":"2000-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":970358400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Cutan Med Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,10]]},"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n Over-the-counter insecticidal solutions continue to be the mainstream treatment for most cases of head lice. Recorded insecticidal activity 15 years ago was at 100%, with ovicidal kill at 80%. Recently scattered accounts of possible resistance have surfaced.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective:<\/jats:title>\n This article is to document the general consensus that head lice are becoming resistant to standard over-the-counter therapies.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n Direct testing of lethality of adult lice with permethrin and pyrethroid was assessed.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n Present over-the-counter products proved to be successful in only 9 of 32 head lice tested (28% insecticidal activity).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n Our series of cases further documents that over-the-counter head lice preparations no longer achieve high levels of insecticidal activity, suggesting increased resistance to these insecticides.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/120347540000400405","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,10]],"date-time":"2017-07-10T16:20:27Z","timestamp":1499703627000},"page":"199-201","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Clinical Evidence of Lice Resistance to Over-the-Counter Products"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Craig G.","family":"Burkhart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Professor, Department of Medicine, Immunology, & Medicine, Medical College of Ohio, Toledo, Ohio, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Craig N.","family":"Burkhart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Presidential Scholar, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Medicine, Medical College of Ohio, Toledo, Ohio, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-120347540000400405","first-page":"147","volume-title":"Advances in insect physiology","author":"Sattele DB","year":"1988"},{"key":"bibr2-120347540000400405","first-page":"581","volume":"19","author":"Narahgashi T","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"bibr3-120347540000400405","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0773.1996.tb00234.x"},{"key":"bibr4-120347540000400405","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.153.9.969"},{"key":"bibr5-120347540000400405","first-page":"143","volume-title":"Insecticides","author":"Sawicki RM","year":"1985"},{"key":"bibr6-120347540000400405","first-page":"183","volume-title":"Comprehensive insect physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology","author":"Ruigt GE","year":"1988"},{"key":"bibr7-120347540000400405","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jee\/90.6.1478"},{"key":"bibr8-120347540000400405","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.2780080607"},{"key":"bibr9-120347540000400405","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1986.01660150045013"},{"key":"bibr10-120347540000400405","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0048-3575(79)90061-0"},{"key":"bibr11-120347540000400405","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0048-3575(80)90065-6"},{"key":"bibr12-120347540000400405","first-page":"808","volume":"81","author":"World Health Organization","year":"1981","journal-title":"WHO\/VBC"},{"key":"bibr13-120347540000400405","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/arch.940030606"},{"key":"bibr14-120347540000400405","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02761997000300023"},{"key":"bibr15-120347540000400405","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.318.7180.385"},{"key":"bibr16-120347540000400405","first-page":"195","volume-title":"Advances in dermatology","volume":"15","author":"Meinking T","year":"1999"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/120347540000400405","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/120347540000400405","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T15:52:00Z","timestamp":1777391520000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/120347540000400405"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,10]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/120347540000400405"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/120347540000400405","relation":{},"ISSN":["1203-4754","1615-7109"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1203-4754","type":"print"},{"value":"1615-7109","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,10]]}}}