{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T01:05:20Z","timestamp":1785200720890,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740528000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740528000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Cutan Med Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Chronic hand eczema (CHE) is commonly seen in adults and often in the context of occupational exposures. Recently, there has been a growing number of cases reported among children. We conducted a systematic review using the PRISMA framework to identify cases of pediatric CHE. Search terms included \u201ceczema,\u201d \u201cdermatitis,\u201d \u201cpompholyx,\u201d \u201cdyshidrosis,\u201d \u201ccontact allergy,\u201d and \u201cpulpitis.\u201d Case reports of patients aged &lt;18 years old without an alternate\/confounding diagnosis were included. 62 cases were included with a mean age of 10.9 years. In the patients with reported data, 61% (28\/46) had a history of atopy and 38% (14\/37) reported lesions were present for &gt;1 year. The most common cause was allergic-contact dermatitis (71%) with the bilateral hands affected (87%). A total of 35 unique triggers were identified, with the top 5 being homemade slime (n = 28), store-bought slime (n = 8), outdoor plants (n = 4), UV-curing methacrylate nail polish (n = 4), and sporting gloves (n = 4). Patch testing was performed in 87% (54\/62) of patients, of which 96% (52\/54) tested positive to 1+ allergens. Positive reactions to methylchloroisothiazolinone and\/or methylisothiazolinone (MCI\/MI) were among the most common. In 53% (33\/62) of patients, removal of the trigger resulted in resolution. Patterns of CHE triggers in pediatric patients differ from adults, and workup should include a detailed history of leisure-time and school activities. MCI\/MI was the most common culprit, and trends involving children making slime has led to an increase in prolonged\/repeated exposure. Awareness of potential causes ensures early identification, patch testing, prompt removal of trigger, and appropriate management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/12034754251322883","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T09:53:24Z","timestamp":1740563604000},"page":"386-393","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Patterns of Pediatric Chronic Hand Eczema: A Systematic Review With Focus on Causes and Management"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3629-9131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katie C. Y.","family":"Yeung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-5937-0276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joshua","family":"Lowe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2578-393X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica S. S.","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9383-034X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sonja","family":"Molin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergy, Charit\u00e9-Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.13727"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","first-page":"562","article-title":"Quality of life, anxiety, depression, social anxiety and avoidance in patients with chronic hand eczema","volume":"156","author":"Maden S","year":"2021","unstructured":"Maden S, Ozbagcivan O, Onur Aysevener BE, et al. Quality of life, anxiety, depression, social anxiety and avoidance in patients with chronic hand eczema. Ital J Dermatol Venerol. 2021;156(5):562-569.","journal-title":"Ital J Dermatol Venerol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2006.07185.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DER.0000000000000659"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2021.07.030"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-020-00939-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.12463"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.13792"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.19413"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2010.09643.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/12034754251322883","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/12034754251322883","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/12034754251322883","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T15:51:41Z","timestamp":1777391501000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/12034754251322883"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/12034754251322883"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/12034754251322883","relation":{},"ISSN":["1203-4754","1615-7109"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1203-4754","type":"print"},{"value":"1615-7109","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]]}}}