{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T12:53:37Z","timestamp":1791550417333,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,9]],"date-time":"2025-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754697600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Cutan Med Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The diagnosis and management of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) pose important challenges in the pediatric population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We determined CL clinical characteristics in infected children in Montreal, Canada.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Demographic and clinical data from medical records of children with CL were retrieved retrospectively (2004-2023) at Sainte-Justine University Medical Center.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fourteen children (9 boys and 5 girls) with CL were first- (9) or second- (5) generation immigrants who immigrated from or travelled to their country of origin. CL developed post arrival\/return to Canada (mean 6.6 months). The mean age at onset was 8.4 years (range 3-16 years). Lesions were multiple in 10 cases, with faces and legs more frequently involved. The mean diagnostic delay was 3 months, largely due to limited access to healthcare and initial misdiagnoses (range: 1-7 months). Histopathology (12), polymerase chain reaction (8), or both (7) confirmed the diagnosis. Two patients cleared CL without treatment, while 2 others showed clinical improvement with antileishmanial agent treatment alone. Patients were treated with fluconazole (7), liposomal amphotericin B (6), either alone or in association, and intralesional meglumine antimoniate (2). The mean time between CL onset and resolution was 5 months (range 1-10 months), resulting in atrophic scars in 10 patients with known outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Awareness of the occurrence of CL in children living in non-endemic countries should result in earlier diagnosis and treatment and better outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/12034754251355201","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,9]],"date-time":"2025-08-09T10:59:27Z","timestamp":1754737167000},"page":"118-124","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Pediatric Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: A Case Series in a Montreal Tertiary Care Hospital"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4908-3156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michelle","family":"Aaron","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-3890-077X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jordan","family":"Benzur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hedwige","family":"Auguste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"McCuaig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Dermatology, Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1261-3093","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00e9rome","family":"Coulombe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Dermatology, Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Afshin","family":"Hatami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Dermatology, Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Powell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Dermatology, Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Kokta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Dermatology, Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle","family":"Marcoux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Dermatology, Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Leishmaniasis. 2023. Accessed August 4 2024. www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/leishmaniasis"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.08.051"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2014.07.016"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","first-page":"85","article-title":"Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Canada","volume":"85","author":"Jackson R","year":"1961","unstructured":"Jackson R. Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Canada. Can Med Assoc J. 1961;85(2):85-88.","journal-title":"Can Med Assoc J"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.2939"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.13664"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2018.2133"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw742"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.09.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cup.13785"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","article-title":"Control of the leishmaniases: report of a meeting of the WHO Expert Committee on the control of leishmaniases","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2010","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Control of the leishmaniases: report of a meeting of the WHO Expert Committee on the control of leishmaniases. WHO Technical Report Series; March 2010.","journal-title":"WHO Technical Report Series"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(07)70209-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/eri.10.19"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.13493"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.2015.973850"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0061370"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0011150"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2010.09865.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","unstructured":"Pinanzo M-J. Blood and tissue protozoa. In: Cohen J ed. Infectious Diseases. 4th ed. Elsevier; 2017. Accessed September 21 2024. www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/B9780702062858001945?ref=pdf_download&fr=RR-2&rr=8d2cbc76b811a29a"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Comparison of three methods for diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis","volume":"5","author":"Pourmohammadi B","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pourmohammadi B, Motazedian M, Hatam G, Kalantari M, Habibi P, Sarkari B. Comparison of three methods for diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Iran J Parasitol. 2010;5(4):1-8.","journal-title":"Iran J Parasitol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5152\/ced.2015.1589","article-title":"Two pediatric cases with cutaneous leishmaniasis in \u0130zmir","volume":"9","author":"Akt\u00fcrk H","year":"2015","unstructured":"Akt\u00fcrk H, Apa H, Kundak S et al. 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