{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T23:08:31Z","timestamp":1777936111340,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,10,1]],"date-time":"2001-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1001894400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mult Scler"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: There is growing consensus that neurologists should consider disease-modifying therapies early in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, there is a subgroup with a natural benign course, in which treatment could be postponed. We sought to determine the frequency of benign MS and early clinical factors that may predict a benign course. Methods: We performed a systematic review of the existing literature on benign MS, which was defined as minimal or no disability equivalent to a score on the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) 43.0 at least 10 years after disease onset. Results: Only a small number of studies of adequate quality was available. In total there were nine published studies representing 2204 patients. The estimated frequency of benign MS was 26.7%. Onset with optic neuritis, onset before the age of 40 years, absence of pyramidal signs at presentation, duration of first remission more than 1 year, and only one exacerbation in the first 5 years after onset of MS, were associated with a benign course. Conclusions: From the existing literature a set of unrelated clinical characteristics emerged that was associated with a benign course of MS. However, there is a need for prospective studies to define more precisely clinical and paraclinical predictors of benign MS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/135245850100700512","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,18]],"date-time":"2007-01-18T20:03:56Z","timestamp":1169150636000},"page":"345-347","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Early prediction of a benign course of multiple sclerosis on clinical                 grounds: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Geeta","family":"Ramsaransing","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Academisch Ziekenhuis Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natasha","family":"Maurits","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Academisch Ziekenhuis Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cornelis","family":"Zwanikken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Academisch Ziekenhuis Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacques","family":"De Keyser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Academisch Ziekenhuis Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.56.9.1079"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/84.2.186"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1970.tb05604.x"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(82)90185-X"},{"key":"atypb5","first-page":"69","volume":"225","author":"Thompson AJ","year":"1986","journal-title":"Quart J Med"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1987.tb03537.x"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/113.6.1597"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.67.2.148"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(77)90010-8"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.67.6.710"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.33.11.1444"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/114.2.1045"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/103.2.281"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/121.3.495"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.52.3.599"}],"container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/135245850100700512","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/135245850100700512","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T03:19:44Z","timestamp":1777691984000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/135245850100700512"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,10]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/135245850100700512"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/135245850100700512","relation":{},"ISSN":["1352-4585","1477-0970"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1352-4585","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-0970","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,10]]}}}