{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T23:11:32Z","timestamp":1777936292180,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,22]],"date-time":"2009-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1242950400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mult Scler"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Antibodies to aquaporin-4 (AQP4) are found in a fraction of Japanese opticospinal multiple sclerosis (OSMS) patients. However, it remains unknown whether anti-AQP4 antibody-positive and negative OSMS patients possess an identical disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Objective<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The objective of the current study was to clarify immunological differences between the two groups of patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methods<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>We studied the serum antibody titers against AQP4 in 191 patients with idiopathic central nervous system demyelinating diseases and clarified their relationships with immunological parameters.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Anti-AQP4 antibody positivity rate was higher in patients with OSMS (21\/58, 36.2%), idiopathic recurrent myelitis (4\/17, 23.5%), and recurrent optic neuritis (7\/26, 26.9%), than in conventional MS (CMS) patients (6\/90, 6.7%) and patients with other diseases (0\/87). Anti-AQP4 antibody titer was significantly higher in patients with SS-A\/B antibodies than in those without them. Anti-AQP4 antibody-negative OSMS patients showed significantly higher CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    IFN-\u03b3\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    IL-4\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cell percentages and intracellular IFN-\u03b3\/IL-4 ratios than anti-AQP4 antibody-positive patients, anti-AQP4 antibody-negative CMS patients, and healthy controls, and CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    IFN-\u03b3\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    IL-4\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cell percentages were negatively correlated with anti-AQP4 antibody titers.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusion<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Anti-AQP4 antibody-positive patients are immunologically distinct from anti-AQP4 antibody-negative OSMS patients owing to a Th2 shift in the former group in comparison to a Th1 shift in the latter.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458509104595","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,22]],"date-time":"2009-05-22T20:36:22Z","timestamp":1243024582000},"page":"834-847","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Aquaporin-4 autoimmune syndrome and anti-aquaporin-4 antibody-negative opticospinal multiple sclerosis in Japanese"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"T","family":"Matsushita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N","family":"Isobe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Matsuoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y","family":"Kawano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"XM","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Yoshiura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y","family":"Nakao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Ishizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JI","family":"Kira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.53.5.1107"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000216139.44259.74"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)17551-X"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20050304"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(03)00308-9"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410400405"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-36534"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awf151"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/122.9.1689"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh453"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2005.080390"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(06)70333-7"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm062"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm047"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl371"},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2007.04.009"},{"key":"atypb17","first-page":"303","volume":"10","author":"Horowitz AL","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"atypb18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm027"},{"key":"atypb19","first-page":"47","volume":"9","author":"Chong HT","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurol Asia"},{"key":"atypb20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2006.05.026"},{"key":"atypb21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2005.11.006"},{"key":"atypb22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2007.09.010"},{"key":"atypb23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.62.2.226"},{"key":"atypb24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458507076976"},{"key":"atypb25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000151856.10387.E2"},{"key":"atypb26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410130302"},{"key":"atypb27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.33.11.1444"},{"key":"atypb28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(90)90036-M"},{"key":"atypb29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/120.11.2059"},{"key":"atypb30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.63.3.390"},{"key":"atypb31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.64.5.676"},{"key":"atypb32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.38.2.180"},{"key":"atypb33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2004.04.012"},{"key":"atypb34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20703"},{"key":"atypb35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458508098372"},{"key":"atypb36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20276"},{"key":"atypb37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20071053"}],"container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1352458509104595","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1352458509104595","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T03:26:07Z","timestamp":1777692367000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1352458509104595"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,22]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1352458509104595"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1352458509104595","relation":{},"ISSN":["1352-4585","1477-0970"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1352-4585","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-0970","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,22]]}}}