{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T03:19:31Z","timestamp":1790651971862,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,7]],"date-time":"2009-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1260144000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mult Scler"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Neuromyelitis optica has not been thoroughly studied in Brazilian patients following the discovery of NMO-IgG and its specific antigen aquaporin-4. In this study we aimed to describe the clinical NMO-IgG immunological status and neuroimaging characteristics of recurrent neuromyelitis optica in a series Brazilian patients. We undertook a retrospective study of 28 patients with recurrent neuromyelitis optica, according to 1999 Wingerchuk\u2019s diagnostic criteria. Data on NMO-IgG status, clinical features, and MRI findings were analyzed. Three men and 25 women were evaluated. Median age at onset of disease was 26 years (range 7\u201455); median time of follow-up was 7 years (range 2\u201414). The mean time elapsed between the first and the second attack was 17 months (median 8.5; range 2\u201488). NMO-IgG was detected in 18 patients (64.3%). Four patients died due to respiratory failure. Most patients presented with cervical (36%) and cervical-thoracic myelitis (46.4%). Holocord lesion was the most common pattern of involvement (50%) on the axial plane. We did not find a statistical association between myelitis extension and NMO-IgG result. Our series of Brazilian patients showed a younger age of onset than previously reported. In our series, in contrast to previous reports, there was no correlation between the extension of myelitis and NMO-IgG positivity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458509353651","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,7]],"date-time":"2009-12-07T23:46:02Z","timestamp":1260229562000},"page":"81-86","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Recurrent neuromyelitis optica in Brazilian patients: clinical, immunological, and neuroimaging characteristics"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"T.","family":"Adoni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"AMM","family":"Lino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, 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