{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T21:20:32Z","timestamp":1790716832364,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,7]],"date-time":"2010-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1283817600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mult Scler"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: A serum antibody directed against astrocytes is present in a high proportion of patients with neuromyelitis optica (NMO). The pathogenicity of the antibody is uncertain because no consistent astrocyte lesion is known to occur in NMO.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Objective: To determine whether there is an astrocyte lesion in NMO and if this differs from astrocyte changes in multiple sclerosis (MS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methods: Astrocyte pathology in early (still-myelinated) lesions and subacute NMO and MS lesions was examined immunohistochemically and in sections stained for astrocytes using routine histological techniques.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results: Demyelination in early NMO lesions is accompanied by oligodendrocyte apoptosis in a pattern identical to that seen in MS and this is preceded by an abrupt destruction of perivascular astrocytes. Reparative astrogliosis is effected by a population of unipolar, new astrocytes. Evidence of a different type of astrocyte lesion was found in MS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Discussion: The findings add to experimental evidence that the antibody is pathogenic. They also raise the possibility that demyelination in MS may be a bystander effect of an astrocyte lesion, i.e. that MS is not a disease primarily of myelin and oligodendrocytes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458510382324","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,7]],"date-time":"2010-09-07T20:39:52Z","timestamp":1283891992000},"page":"1156-1172","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":122,"title":["Neuromyelitis optica: a demyelinating disease characterized by acute destruction and regeneration of perivascular astrocytes"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"John DE","family":"Parratt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, Department of Medicine, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John W","family":"Prineas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Brain and Mind Research Institute, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.1032"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/b13319-21"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-5994.1972.tb03071.x"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(07)70216-8"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)17551-X"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20050304"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1620\/tjem.210.307"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458509106851"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000289761.64862.ce"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WNR.0b013e32832776f4"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21837"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21802"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awf151"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl371"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm047"},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1620\/tjem.209.269"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410330203"},{"key":"atypb18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1984.tb14773.x"},{"key":"atypb19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.53.10.918"},{"key":"atypb20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21800"},{"key":"atypb21","first-page":"624","volume":"63","author":"Prineas JW","year":"1990","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"atypb22","unstructured":"Prineas JW The neuropathology of multiple sclerosis. In: Koetsier JC (ed.) Handbook of Clinical Neurology-Demyelinating Diseases. Vol 1, Amsterdam: Elsevier , 1985, pp.213-257."},{"key":"atypb23","unstructured":"de Vries HE Postvaccinial Perivenous Encephalitis. Amsterdam : Elselvier, 1960, pp.57-58."},{"key":"atypb24","unstructured":"Bignami A. and Dahl D. Gliosis. In: Kettenmann H, Ransom BR (eds) Neuroglia. Vol 1, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995, pp.843-858."},{"key":"atypb25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.118.1.283","volume":"118","author":"Barres BA","year":"1993","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"atypb26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199805283382206"},{"key":"atypb27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/64.2.163"},{"key":"atypb28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/121.12.2221"},{"key":"atypb29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-17-06404.2000"},{"key":"atypb30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1553558"},{"key":"atypb31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.250471697"},{"key":"atypb32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/neu.1043"},{"key":"atypb33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012439510-7\/50065-6"},{"key":"atypb34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-199405000-00001"},{"key":"atypb35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(91)90155-N"},{"key":"atypb36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5728(99)00083-1"},{"key":"atypb37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/333560a0"},{"key":"atypb38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.1993.tb00910.x"},{"key":"atypb39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn917"},{"key":"atypb40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-197004000-00002"},{"key":"atypb41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(73)90026-9"},{"key":"atypb42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-008-8059-5"},{"key":"atypb43","unstructured":"Kreutzberg GW , Blakemore WF and Graeber MB Cellular pathology of the central nervous system. In: Graham DI, Lantos PL (eds) Greenfield\u2019s Neuropathology. Vol. 1, London: Arnold, 1997, pp.85-156."},{"key":"atypb44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012439510-7\/50089-9"},{"key":"atypb45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/63.8.872"},{"key":"atypb46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(76)90081-2"},{"key":"atypb47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-007-0307-5"},{"key":"atypb48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3547-03.2004"},{"key":"atypb49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858405278321"},{"key":"atypb50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1514-09.2009"},{"key":"atypb51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2990.1993.tb00424.x"},{"key":"atypb52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2990.1982.tb00305.x"},{"key":"atypb53","unstructured":"Blakemore WF, Crang AJ and Evans RJ The effect of chemical injury on oligodendrocytes. In: Mimms CC, Cuzner ML, Kelly RW (eds) Viruses and Demyelinating Diseases. Vol. 1, London: Academic Press, 1983, pp.167-190."},{"key":"atypb54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00690975"},{"key":"atypb55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00689596"},{"key":"atypb56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Franklin RJM and Goldman JE Remyelination by endogenous cells. In: Lazzarini RA (ed.) Myelin Biology and Disorders 1. Vol 1, Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2004, pp.173-196.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012439510-7\/50060-7"},{"key":"atypb57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-003-3143-3"},{"key":"atypb58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/mcne.1999.0781"},{"key":"atypb59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4547(20000201)59:3<421::AID-JNR17>3.0.CO;2-C"},{"issue":"2","key":"atypb60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S174","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458508097217","volume":"15","author":"Parratt JDE","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"key":"atypb61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-010-0704-z"}],"container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1352458510382324","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1352458510382324","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T03:29:23Z","timestamp":1777692563000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1352458510382324"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,7]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1352458510382324"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1352458510382324","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.6815958.6986056","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1352-4585","1477-0970"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1352-4585","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-0970","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,7]]}}}