{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T21:23:59Z","timestamp":1790717039726,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,21]],"date-time":"2012-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1329782400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mult Scler"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Recent case reports and series have shown that patients with neuromyelitis optica (NMO) experience clinical deterioration under interferon beta (IFN-\u03b2) treatment. The objective of the present study was to evaluate whether and to what extent IFN-\u03b2 exacerbates NMO spectrum disorders (NMOSD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 40 patients with NMOSD who had been treated with IFN-\u03b2 for more than 6 months and whose disease duration was more than 1 year at the initiation of IFN-\u03b2 treatment. We evaluated their annualized relapse rates (ARR) and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores before and after IFN-\u03b2 treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In total, 95% of patients exhibited an ineffective or exacerbated response to IFN-\u03b2 treatment and the mean ARR significantly increased after IFN-\u03b2 treatment ( p = 0.002). The increased ARR &gt; 50% under IFN-\u03b2 treatment was observed in 20 patients (50%). The mean EDSS score significantly increased following IFN-\u03b2 treatment ( p &lt; 0.001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In patients with NMOSD, IFN-\u03b2 treatment is not only ineffective for preventing relapses but also may even increase relapses significantly. Thus, a more careful diagnostic approach to differentiate NMO from multiple sclerosis and attention to decision of treatment is warranted for patients at high risk of NMO.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458512439439","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,21]],"date-time":"2012-02-21T23:10:19Z","timestamp":1329865819000},"page":"1480-1483","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":165,"title":["Does interferon beta treatment exacerbate neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder?"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Su-Hyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Woojun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xue Feng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"In-Ja","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ho Jin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1352458512439439","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(07)70216-8"},{"key":"bibr2-1352458512439439","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2011.7.3.115"},{"key":"bibr3-1352458512439439","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)17551-X"},{"key":"bibr4-1352458512439439","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm062"},{"key":"bibr5-1352458512439439","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0040133"},{"key":"bibr6-1352458512439439","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.65.7.913"},{"key":"bibr7-1352458512439439","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2008.03.009"},{"key":"bibr8-1352458512439439","author":"Kim W","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mult 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