{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T09:38:01Z","timestamp":1784367481809,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,20]],"date-time":"2012-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1355961600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mult Scler"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Recently we showed that antibodies to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) can be found in aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-immunoglobulin (IgG) seronegative pediatric and adult patients with definite and high-risk neuromyelitis optica (NMO).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics and temporal dynamics of MOG-IgG in AQP4-IgG seronegative pediatric patients presenting with definite NMO.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Children with definite NMO who were referred for further testing of serum antibodies for AQP4 and MOG with a cell-based assay were included in this study. Clinical disease course, cerebrospinal fluid and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of these patients were reviewed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Between 2008 and 2012 eight children who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of definite NMO were recruited. Two children with definite NMO tested positive for AQP4-IgG but were negative for MOG-IgG antibodies. Three children had an absence of AQP4-IgG and MOG-IgG antibodies. Three children with definite NMO had high titers of serum MOG-IgG antibodies (\u22651: 160), but no AQP4-directed humoral immune response. Longitudinal analysis of serum samples of the latter three children showed persisting high MOG-IgG titers over time.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pediatric patients presenting with clinical symptoms and MRI findings highly suggestive of NMO but with high and persisting MOG-IgG antibody titers are most likely to represent a distinct subgroup of acute demyelinating diseases with important clinical and therapeutic implications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458512470310","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,21]],"date-time":"2012-12-21T02:24:21Z","timestamp":1356056661000},"page":"1052-1059","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":134,"title":["Persisting myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies in aquaporin-4 antibody negative pediatric neuromyelitis optica"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"K","family":"Rost\u00e1sy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics I, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Mader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Neurology, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"EM","family":"Hennes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics I, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Schanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Neurology, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V","family":"Gredler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Neurology, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Guenther","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Skaraborgs Hospital, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Blaschek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Dr. von Hauner\u2019s Children\u2019s Hospital, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Korenke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropediatrics, Klinikum Oldenburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Pritsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropediatrics, Klinikum Siegen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Pohl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Children\u2019s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O","family":"Maier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropediatrics, Children\u2019s Hospital St. Gallen, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Kuchukhidze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Brunner-Krainz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Medical University Graz, Austria."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Berger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Neurology, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Reindl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Neurology, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1352458512470310","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20890"},{"key":"bibr2-1352458512470310","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pathol-011811-132443"},{"key":"bibr3-1352458512470310","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000216139.44259.74"},{"key":"bibr4-1352458512470310","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000303817.82134.da"},{"key":"bibr5-1352458512470310","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20770"},{"key":"bibr6-1352458512470310","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181a82621"},{"key":"bibr7-1352458512470310","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000284600.80782.d5"},{"key":"bibr8-1352458512470310","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2010.07.011"},{"key":"bibr9-1352458512470310","first-page":"9","volume":"19","author":"Jarius 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