{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T06:31:32Z","timestamp":1792737092372,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,23]],"date-time":"2013-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1369267200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mult Scler"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Axonal and neuronal damage are widely accepted as key events in the disease course of multiple sclerosis. However, it has been unclear to date at which stage in disease evolution neurodegeneration begins and whether neuronal damage can occur even in the absence of acute inflammatory attacks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To characterize inner retinal layer changes in patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>45 patients with CIS and age- and sex-matched healthy controls were investigated using spectral domain optical coherence tomography. Patients\u2019 eyes were stratified into the following categories according to history of optic neuritis (ON): eyes with clinically-diagnosed ON (CIS-ON), eyes with suspected subclinical ON (CIS-SON) as indicated by a visual evoked potential latency of &gt;115ms and eyes unaffected by ON (CIS-NON).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CIS-NON eyes showed significant reduction of ganglion cell- and inner plexiform layer and a topography similar to that of CIS-ON eyes. Seven eyes were characterized as CIS-SON and likewise showed significant retinal layer thinning. The most pronounced thinning was present in CIS-ON eyes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings indicate that retinal pathology does occur already in CIS. Intraretinal layer segmentation may be an easily applicable, non-invasive method for early detection of retinal pathology in patients unaffected by ON.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458513489757","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,23]],"date-time":"2013-05-23T21:17:17Z","timestamp":1369343837000},"page":"1887-1895","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":128,"title":["Retinal ganglion cell and inner plexiform layer thinning in clinically isolated syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Timm","family":"Oberwahrenbrock","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NeuroCure Clinical Research Center and Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charit\u00e9 University Medicine Berlin and Max Delbr\u00fcck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marius","family":"Ringelstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Jentschke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NeuroCure Clinical Research Center and Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charit\u00e9 University Medicine Berlin and Max Delbr\u00fcck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katrin","family":"Deuschle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NeuroCure Clinical Research Center and Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charit\u00e9 University Medicine Berlin and Max Delbr\u00fcck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Charit\u00e9 University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"Klumbies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NeuroCure Clinical Research Center and Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charit\u00e9 University Medicine Berlin and Max Delbr\u00fcck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith","family":"Bellmann-Strobl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NeuroCure Clinical Research Center and Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charit\u00e9 University Medicine Berlin and Max Delbr\u00fcck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Charit\u00e9 University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Harmel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University 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