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We report on four multiple sclerosis (MS) patients whom developed PML during natalizumab treatment, in whom we measured serum natalizumab concentrations before and during PLEX. Depending on the serum natalizumab concentration at the time of PML diagnosis, the number of PLEX treatments necessary to reach subtherapeutic serum natalizumab concentrations is variable. Measuring serum natalizumab concentrations before and during PLEX is helpful to determine the optimum number of PLEX treatments in individual MS patients with PML.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458514541507","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,30]],"date-time":"2014-07-30T23:33:46Z","timestamp":1406763226000},"page":"481-484","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Application of serum natalizumab levels during plasma exchange in MS patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"A","family":"Vennegoor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Rispens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Landsteiner Laboratory, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"BW","family":"Van Oosten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MP","family":"Wattjes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MJ","family":"Wondergem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"CE","family":"Teunissen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Van der Kleij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Landsteiner Laboratory, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"BMJ","family":"Uitdehaag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"CH","family":"Polman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Killestein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1352458514541507","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.64.2.169"},{"key":"bibr2-1352458514541507","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70028-4"},{"key":"bibr3-1352458514541507","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458511431073"},{"key":"bibr4-1352458514541507","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000341766.59028.9d"},{"key":"bibr5-1352458514541507","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2011.01.001"},{"key":"bibr6-1352458514541507","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31828c2fa1"},{"key":"bibr7-1352458514541507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182635824","volume":"79","author":"Calabresi PA","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"bibr8-1352458514541507","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458512460604"},{"key":"bibr9-1352458514541507","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2011.01.006"}],"container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1352458514541507","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1352458514541507","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1352458514541507","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T03:41:25Z","timestamp":1777693285000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1352458514541507"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,30]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1352458514541507"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1352458514541507","relation":{},"ISSN":["1352-4585","1477-0970"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1352-4585","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-0970","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,30]]}}}