{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T17:01:46Z","timestamp":1791910906454,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,6]],"date-time":"2015-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1430870400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mult Scler"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica (NMO) can present with transverse myelitis; however, NMO symptoms are usually more severe and may present with more extensive axonal loss. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)-based input\u2013output recruitment curves can quantitatively assess the excitability of corticospinal tract pathways and myelin water imaging can quantify the amount of myelin within this same pathway.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare differential effects of MS and NMO on TMS recruitment curves and myelin water imaging.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ten healthy controls, 10 individuals with MS and 10 individuals with NMO completed clinical assessments, a TMS assessment and magnetic resonance imaging scan to measure recruitment curves and myelin water fraction in the corticospinal tract.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Individuals with NMO had lower recruitment curve slopes (mean 13.6\u00b16 \u03bcV\/%) than MS (23.6\u00b111 \u03bcV\/%) and controls (21.9\u00b19 \u03bcV\/%, analysis of variance (ANOVA)\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.05). Corticospinal tract myelin water fraction was lower in individuals with NMO (mean 0.17\u00b10.02) compared to MS (0.19\u00b10.02) and controls (0.20\u00b10.02, ANOVA\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.0006).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Corticospinal pathway damage in individuals with NMO was evident by reduced recruitment curve slope and lower myelin water fraction. These specific measures of corticospinal function and structure may be used to obtain a better understanding and monitor brain injury caused by inflammatory central nervous system disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458515579441","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,6]],"date-time":"2015-05-06T21:56:02Z","timestamp":1430949362000},"page":"43-50","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Corticospinal tract integrity measured using transcranial magnetic stimulation and magnetic resonance imaging in neuromyelitis optica and multiple sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Praveena","family":"Manogaran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Vavasour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Borich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Division of Physical Therapy, Emory University, USA\/Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shannon H","family":"Kolind","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex P","family":"Lange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Rauscher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lara","family":"Boyd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Brain Behaviour Laboratory, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David KB","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Traboulsee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2012-302310"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2005.031195"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(07)70216-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-002-1234-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","first-page":"125","article-title":"Prognostic value of motor evoked potentials in stroke motor outcome","volume":"41","author":"Nascimbeni A","year":"2005","unstructured":"Nascimbeni A, Gaffuri A, Granella L, . Prognostic value of motor evoked potentials in stroke motor outcome. Eura Medicophys 2005; 41: 125.","journal-title":"Eura Medicophys"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(99)00060-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2005.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00005641"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/121.1.3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910310614"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910370107"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.55.10.1506"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458506070928"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/735486"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/RNN-120300"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-013-3468-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0270(01)00468-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.06.064"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","volume-title":"Proceedings of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 9th Scientific Meeting and Exhibition","author":"Brief E","unstructured":"Brief E, Whittall KP, Li D, . In vivo metabolite T2 accurately measured with large TE range. In: Proceedings of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 9th Scientific Meeting and Exhibition, Glasgow, Scotland, 21\u201327 April 2001, paper no. 1684."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.23157"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.07.051"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","volume-title":"Non-linear optimization","author":"Andersson JL","year":"2007","unstructured":"Andersson JL, Jenkinson M, Smith S. Non-linear optimization. Technical Report for FMRIB Analysis Group. Report no. TR07JA1, 28 June 2007. Oxford: FMRIB Centre."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2008.0859"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35018000"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","first-page":"425","article-title":"Cortical dysfunction underlies disability in multiple sclerosis","volume":"18","author":"Vucic S","year":"2012","unstructured":"Vucic S, Burke T, Lenton K, . Cortical dysfunction underlies disability in multiple sclerosis. MSJ 2012; 18(4): 425\u2013432.","journal-title":"MSJ"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.3780235"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh118"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","first-page":"278","article-title":"Diffusion tensor tractography-based group mapping of the pyramidal tract in relapsing\u2013remitting multiple sclerosis patients","volume":"28","author":"Lin F","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lin F, Yu C, Jiang T, . Diffusion tensor tractography-based group mapping of the pyramidal tract in relapsing\u2013remitting multiple sclerosis patients. Am J Neuroradiol 2007; 28: 278\u2013282.","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","volume-title":"Poster presented at the American Academy of Neurology 2014 Annual Meeting","author":"Kolind S","unstructured":"Kolind S, Vavasour I, Rauscher A, . Myelin-related advanced MRI demonstrates different degrees of change between various white matter tracts in MS. Poster presented at the American Academy of Neurology 2014 Annual Meeting, Philadephia, PA."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","first-page":"2066","volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Society of Magnetic Resonance Medicine","author":"Vavasour IM","unstructured":"Vavasour IM, Kolind SH, Rasucher A, . Comparison of three putative MR myelin markers in multiple sclerosis subjects and healthy controls. In: Proceedings of the International Society of Magnetic Resonance Medicine, Milan, Italy, 10\u201316 May 2014, paper no. 22, p. 2066."}],"container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1352458515579441","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1352458515579441","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1352458515579441","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T03:43:54Z","timestamp":1777693434000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1352458515579441"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,6]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1352458515579441"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1352458515579441","relation":{},"ISSN":["1352-4585","1477-0970"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1352-4585","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-0970","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,6]]}}}