{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T19:08:40Z","timestamp":1783537720722,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,23]],"date-time":"2018-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1524441600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mult Scler"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Leptomeningeal contrast enhancement on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images has been reported in patients with multiple sclerosis and interpreted as a biomarker of inflammation. In this study, we sought to evaluate this phenomenon in patients with optic neuritis (ON).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 42 patients with suspected ON were included in this prospective study and underwent a dedicated study magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol including native and contrast-enhanced fat-suppressed thin-section axial and coronal FLAIR images on an 1.5\u2009T magnetic resonance (MR) system.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After diagnostic workup, 34 patients with final diagnosis of ON were analyzed in detail. On contrast-enhanced fat-suppressed FLAIR images, 25 (73.5%) patients with ON demonstrated perioptic leptomeningeal enhancement, and in 3 (8.8%) patients, this was even the only pathological MRI finding. In comparison, patients with perioptic leptomeningeal enhancement on contrast-enhanced fat-suppressed FLAIR images had a higher prevalence of additional hyperintense brain lesions ( p\u2009=\u20090.022) as well as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-specific oligoclonal bands ( p\u2009=\u20090.013) than patients without.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Perioptic leptomeningeal contrast enhancement on fat-suppressed FLAIR images is a novel marker in ON and possibly reflects a leptomeningeal inflammatory process preceding or accompanying ON. Thin-section contrast-enhanced fat-suppressed FLAIR images might be a useful addition in MRI protocols for patients with suspected ON.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458518770268","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,23]],"date-time":"2018-04-23T05:27:42Z","timestamp":1524461262000},"page":"792-800","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Contrast-enhanced fat-suppressed FLAIR for the characterization of leptomeningeal inflammation in optic neuritis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Luis","family":"Pino-Lopez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Holger","family":"Wenz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"B\u00f6hme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1t\u00e9","family":"Maros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Schlichtenbrede","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Groden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8679-0060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alex","family":"F\u00f6rster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, 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