{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T22:26:38Z","timestamp":1792794398758,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,14]],"date-time":"2020-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600041600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mult Scler"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hand-motor impairment affects a large proportion of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients; however, its substrates are still poorly understood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the association between global disability, hand-motor impairment, and alterations in motor-relevant structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) networks in MS patients with different clinical phenotypes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One hundred thirty-four healthy controls (HC) and 364 MS patients (250 relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) and 114 progressive MS (PMS)) underwent Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) rating, nine-hole peg test (9HPT), and electronic finger tapping rate (EFTR). Structural and resting state (RS) functional MRI scans were used to perform a source-based morphometry on gray matter (GM) components, to analyze white matter (WM) tract diffusivity indices and to perform a RS seed-based approach from the primary motor cortex involved in hand movement (hand-motor cortex). Random forest analyses identified the predictors of clinical impairment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Result:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In RRMS, global measures of atrophy and lesions together with measures of structural damage of motor-related regions predicted EDSS (out-of-bag (OOB)- R\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.19, p-range\u2009=\u2009&lt;0.001\u20130.04), z9HPT (right: OOB- R\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.14; left: OOB- R\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.24, p-range\u2009=\u2009&lt;0.001\u20130.03). No RS functional connectivity (FC) abnormalities were identified in RRMS models. In PMS, cerebellar and sensorimotor regions atrophy, cerebellar peduncles integrity and increased RS FC between left hand-motor cortex and right inferior frontal gyrus predicted EDSS (OBB- R\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.16, p-range\u2009=\u20090.02\u20130.04).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In RRMS, only measures of structural damage contribute to explain motor impairment, whereas both structural and functional MRI measures predict clinical disability in PMS. A multiparametric MRI approach could be relevant to investigate hand-motor impairment in different MS phenotypes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458520958356","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,14]],"date-time":"2020-09-14T07:05:34Z","timestamp":1600067134000},"page":"1205-1221","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["MRI correlates of clinical disability and hand-motor performance in multiple sclerosis phenotypes"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9014-7887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudio","family":"Cordani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7574-2143","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Milagros","family":"Hidalgo de la Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Meani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Valsasina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Esposito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Pagani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5485-0479","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimo","family":"Filippi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy\/Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy\/Neurophysiology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy\/Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2358-4320","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria A","family":"Rocca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy\/Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1352458520958356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2006.02.018"},{"key":"bibr2-1352458520958356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182872855"},{"key":"bibr3-1352458520958356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.33.11.1444"},{"key":"bibr4-1352458520958356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2014.02.023"},{"key":"bibr5-1352458520958356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458517690824"},{"key":"bibr6-1352458520958356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pms.1993.76.3c.1219"},{"key":"bibr7-1352458520958356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.02.015"},{"key":"bibr8-1352458520958356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2019.01.043"},{"key":"bibr9-1352458520958356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25808"},{"key":"bibr10-1352458520958356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.04.173"},{"key":"bibr11-1352458520958356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1756286419859722"},{"key":"bibr12-1352458520958356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458517699875"},{"key":"bibr13-1352458520958356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(05)70171-X"},{"key":"bibr14-1352458520958356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458516674567"},{"key":"bibr15-1352458520958356","first-page":"135245851882214","volume":"2019","author":"Cordani 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