{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T07:31:57Z","timestamp":1792740717454,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]],"date-time":"2021-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618790400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mult Scler"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease (MOGAD) can radiographically mimic multiple sclerosis (MS) and aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). Central vein sign (CVS) prevalence has not yet been well-established in MOGAD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Characterize the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearance and CVS prevalence of MOGAD patients in comparison to matched cohorts of MS and AQP4+ NMOSD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clinical MRIs from 26 MOGAD patients were compared to matched cohorts of MS and AQP4+ NMOSD. Brain MRIs were assessed for involvement within predefined regions of interest. CVS was assessed by overlaying fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and susceptibility-weighted sequences. Topographic analyses were performed on spinal cord and orbital MRIs when available.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MOGAD patients had fewer brain lesions and average CVS+ rate of 12.1%, compared to 44.4% in MS patients ( p\u2009=\u20090.0008). MOGAD spinal cord and optic nerve involvement was lengthier than MS (5.8 vs 1.0 vertebral segments, p\u2009=\u20090.020; 3.0 vs 0.5\u2009cm, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). MOGAD patients tended to have bilateral\/anterior optic nerve pathology with perineural contrast enhancement, contrasting with posterior optic nerve involvement in NMOSD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CVS+ rate and longer segments of involvement in the spinal cord and optic nerve can differentiate MOGAD from MS, but do not discriminate as well between MOGAD and AQP4+ NMOSD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585211007086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]],"date-time":"2021-04-19T06:49:18Z","timestamp":1618814958000},"page":"49-60","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Central vein sign and other radiographic features distinguishing myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease from multiple sclerosis and aquaporin-4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5696-8841","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John R","family":"Ciotti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noah S","family":"Eby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew R","family":"Brier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory F","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salim","family":"Chahin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0829-7569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne H","family":"Cross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert T","family":"Naismith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-13524585211007086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-018-1335-x"},{"key":"bibr2-13524585211007086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2019.02.023"},{"key":"bibr3-13524585211007086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2013.5857"},{"key":"bibr4-13524585211007086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000101"},{"key":"bibr5-13524585211007086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458515593406"},{"key":"bibr6-13524585211007086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aww350"},{"key":"bibr7-13524585211007086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000005560"},{"key":"bibr8-13524585211007086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2018.4053"},{"key":"bibr9-13524585211007086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-020-09755-x"},{"key":"bibr10-13524585211007086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458519893093"},{"key":"bibr11-13524585211007086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.00089"},{"key":"bibr12-13524585211007086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25146"},{"key":"bibr13-13524585211007086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awz144"},{"key":"bibr14-13524585211007086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2020.102399"},{"key":"bibr15-13524585211007086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2016.166"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr16-13524585211007086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x","volume":"57","author":"Benjamini Y","year":"1995","journal-title":"J R Stat Soc"},{"key":"bibr17-13524585211007086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000005256"},{"key":"bibr18-13524585211007086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458520941493"},{"key":"bibr19-13524585211007086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.164"},{"key":"bibr20-13524585211007086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1756286418762083"},{"key":"bibr21-13524585211007086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-020-02132-y"},{"key":"bibr22-13524585211007086","unstructured":"Cortese R, Battaglini M, Prados F, et al. Differential MRI biomarkers between MOGAD, AQP4-NMOSD and RRMS: A MAGNIMS multicenter study. Abstract Presented at Msvirtual 11 September 2020, https:\/\/library.msvirtual2020.org\/virtual-library-search?product_id=7&author=&category=&date=2020-09-11&session_type=&topic=&session=&presentation=&author=Cortese&keyword="},{"key":"bibr23-13524585211007086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001729"},{"key":"bibr24-13524585211007086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.20.24061"},{"key":"bibr25-13524585211007086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2018.07.020"},{"key":"bibr26-13524585211007086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000003152"},{"key":"bibr27-13524585211007086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-54583-3"}],"container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/13524585211007086","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/13524585211007086","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/13524585211007086","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T04:06:13Z","timestamp":1777694773000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/13524585211007086"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/13524585211007086"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/13524585211007086","relation":{},"ISSN":["1352-4585","1477-0970"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1352-4585","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-0970","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]]}}}