{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T12:16:37Z","timestamp":1792844197828,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81825008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81825008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"national natural science foundation of china","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82090043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82090043"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mult Scler"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Combined central and peripheral demyelination (CCPD) is a disease of inflammatory demyelination that affects central and peripheral nerves simultaneously or temporally separated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study evaluated the clinical characteristics and the existence of antinodal\/paranodal antibodies in patients with CCPD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We reviewed the clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, electrophysiological examinations, neuroimaging findings, treatment, and prognosis of 31 patients with CCPD. Using a live cell\u2013based assay, we tested antinodal\/paranodal antibodies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The most common symptoms were motor weakness (83.3%), hyporeflexia (63.3%), and sphincter disturbance (58.1%). In total, 16.6% of patients had impaired vision symptoms, whereas 33.3% of patients had abnormal visual-evoked potentials (VEPs). A total of 21.1% (4\/19) of patients were positive for anti-AQP4 (aquaporin 4) antibodies, 20.0% (2\/10) of patients were positive for anti-NF155 (neurofascin-155) antibodies, and 10.0% (1\/10) of patients were positive for anti-MAG (myelin-associated glycoprotein) antibodies. The effective rates of intravenous corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulins, and rituximab were 72.2%, 37.5%, and 100%, respectively. At the illness peak, 75% of patients with CCPD had an mRS (modified Rankin Scale) score of 4 or greater. In remission, 37.5% had an mRS score of 4 or greater.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The clinical manifestations of patients with CCPD are highly heterogeneous. We recommend testing antinodal\/paranodal antibodies for patients with CCPD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585211028126","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T06:58:35Z","timestamp":1633071515000},"page":"453-462","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The clinical features of combined central and peripheral demyelination and antibodies against the node of Ranvier"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Xiaodan","family":"Hou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pan","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junwei","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 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