{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T13:06:28Z","timestamp":1780319188765,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,8]],"date-time":"2022-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654646400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005984","name":"Adelson Medical Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005984","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005331","name":"American Brain Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FAN-1807-32163"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FAN-1807-32163"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005331","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000890","name":"National Multiple Sclerosis Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FAN-1807-32163"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FAN-1807-32163"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000890","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000890","name":"National Multiple Sclerosis Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SI-2004-36590"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SI-2004-36590"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000890","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Intramural Research Program, NINDS\/NIH"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mult Scler"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The \u201ccentral vein sign\u201d (CVS), a linear hypointensity on T2*-weighted imaging corresponding to a central vein\/venule, is associated with multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions. The effect of lesion-size exclusion criteria on MS diagnostic accuracy has not been extensively studied.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Investigate the optimal lesion-size exclusion criteria for CVS use in MS diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross-sectional study of 163 MS and 51 non-MS, and radiological\/histopathological correlation of 5 MS and 1 control autopsy cases. The effects of lesion-size exclusion on MS diagnosis using the CVS, and intralesional vein detection on histopathology were evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      CVS+ lesions were larger compared to CVS\u2212 lesions, with effect modification by MS diagnosis (mean difference +7.7\u2009mm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      , p\u2009=\u20090.004). CVS percentage-based criteria with no lesion-size exclusion showed the highest diagnostic accuracy in differentiating MS cases. However, a simple count of three or more CVS+ lesions greater than 3.5\u2009mm is highly accurate and can be rapidly implemented (sensitivity 93%; specificity 88%). On magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-histopathological correlation, the CVS had high specificity for identifying intralesional veins (0\/7 false positives).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lesion-size measures add important information when using CVS+ lesion counts for MS diagnosis. The CVS is a specific biomarker corresponding to intralesional veins on histopathology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585221097560","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,8]],"date-time":"2022-06-08T07:31:32Z","timestamp":1654673492000},"page":"1891-1902","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Lesion size and shape in central vein sign assessment for multiple sclerosis diagnosis: An in vivo and postmortem MRI study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2260-5660","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Omar","family":"Al-Louzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sargis","family":"Manukyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maxime","family":"Donadieu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0276-383X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Absinta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; USA\/IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vijay","family":"Letchuman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brent","family":"Calabresi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parth","family":"Desai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7839-7958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erin S","family":"Beck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Snehashis","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section on Neural Function, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joan","family":"Ohayon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroimmunology Clinic, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dzung L","family":"Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, The Henry M. 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