{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T23:33:46Z","timestamp":1777937626033,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]],"date-time":"2022-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657152000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mult Scler"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The precuneus is involved in cognition and depression; static functional connectivity (SFC) abnormalities of this region have been observed in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). Time-varying functional connectivity (TVC) underpins dynamic variations of brain connectivity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to explore precuneus SFC and TVC in NMOSD patients and their associations with neuropsychological features.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective study includes 27 NMOSD patients and 30 matched healthy controls undergoing resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and a neuropsychological evaluation of cognitive performance and depressive symptoms. A sliding-window correlation analysis using bilateral precuneus as seed region assessed TVC, which was quantified by the standard deviation of connectivity across windows. Mean connectivity indicated SFC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compared to controls, patients had reduced SFC between precuneus, temporal lobe, putamen and cerebellum, and reduced TVC between precuneus and prefronto-parietal-temporo-occipital cortices and caudate. Patients also had increased intra-precuneal TVC and increased TVC between the precuneus and the temporal cortex. More severe depressive symptoms correlated with increased TVC between the precuneus and the temporal lobe; worse cognitive performance mainly correlated with higher TVC between the precuneus and the parietal lobe.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>TVC rather than SFC of the precuneus correlates with NMOSD neuropsychological features; different TVC abnormalities underlie depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585221107125","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]],"date-time":"2022-07-07T08:27:02Z","timestamp":1657182422000},"page":"2057-2069","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Time-varying connectivity of the precuneus and its association with cognition and depressive symptoms in neuromyelitis optica: A pilot MRI study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Laura","family":"Cacciaguerra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy\/Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Damiano","family":"Mistri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Valsasina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vittorio","family":"Martinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Unit, IRCCS San 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