{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T21:33:09Z","timestamp":1793741589154,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]],"date-time":"2023-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676332800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mult Scler"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is limited and inconsistent information on the prevalence of cognitive impairment in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess cognitive performance and changes over time in NMOSD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study included data from 217 aquaporin-4-IgG-seropositive (80%) and double-seronegative NMOSD patients. Cognitive functions measured by Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), Paced Auditory Serial-Addition Task (PASAT), and\/or Multiple Sclerosis Inventory Cognition (MuSIC) were standardized against normative data ( N\u2009=\u2009157). Intraindividual cognitive performance at 1- and 2-year follow-up was analyzed. Cognitive test scores were correlated with demographic and clinical variables and assessed with a multiple linear regression model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      NMOSD patients were impaired in SDMT ( p\u2009=\u20090.007), MuSIC semantic fluency ( p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and MuSIC congruent speed ( p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). No significant cognitive deterioration was found at follow-up. SDMT scores were related to motor and visual disability ( p\n                      <jats:sub>Bon<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). No differences were found between aquaporin-4-IgG-seropositive and double-seronegative NMOSD.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A subset of NMOSD patients shows impairment in visual processing speed and in semantic fluency regardless of serostatus, without noticeable changes during a 2-year observation period. Neuropsychological measurements should be adapted to physical and visual disabilities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585231151212","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]],"date-time":"2023-02-14T07:34:53Z","timestamp":1676360093000},"page":"819-831","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Cognition in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: A prospective multicentre study of 217 patients (CogniNMO-Study)"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5928-2343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin W","family":"H\u00fcmmert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6150-7564","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlotta","family":"Stern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Friedemann","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, and Max Delbr\u00fcck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany\/Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany\/ Department of Neurology, Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, and Berlin..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ankelien","family":"Duchow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, and Max Delbr\u00fcck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany\/Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith","family":"Bellmann-Strobl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, and Max Delbr\u00fcck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany\/Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilya","family":"Ayzenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolin","family":"Schwake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingo","family":"Kleiter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany\/Marianne-Strau\u00df-Klinik, Behandlungszentrum Kempfenhausen f\u00fcr Multiple Sklerose Kranke, Berg, 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