{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T14:36:50Z","timestamp":1784039810934,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4-5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,25]],"date-time":"2023-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677283200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mult Scler"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Reports suggest a potential association between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines and acute central nervous system (CNS) inflammation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The main objective of this study is to describe features of acute CNS inflammation following COVID-19 vaccination.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective observational cohort study was performed at the BARLO MS Centre in Toronto, Canada. Clinicians reported acute CNS inflammatory events within 60\u2009days after a COVID-19 vaccine from March 2021 to August 2022. Clinical characteristics were evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty-eight patients (median age 39 (range: 20\u201382)\u2009years; 60.5% female) presented within 0\u201355 (median 15)\u2009days of a receiving a COVID-19 vaccine and were diagnosed with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200916), post-vaccine transverse myelitis (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20097), clinically isolated syndrome (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20095), MS relapse (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20094), tumefactive demyelination (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20092), myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091), chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091) and primary autoimmune cerebellar ataxia (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091). Twenty-two received acute treatment and 21 started disease-modifying therapy. Sixteen received subsequent COVID-19 vaccination, of which 87.5% had no new or worsening neurological symptoms.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To our knowledge, this is the largest study describing acute CNS inflammation after COVID-19 vaccination. We could not determine whether the number of inflammatory events was higher than expected.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585231154780","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,25]],"date-time":"2023-02-25T06:46:01Z","timestamp":1677307561000},"page":"595-605","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Acute central nervous system inflammation following COVID-19 vaccination: An observational cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8591-2062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sydney","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, St. Michael\u2019s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Muccilli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, BARLO MS Centre, St. Michael\u2019s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raphael","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, BARLO MS Centre, St. Michael\u2019s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Selchen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, BARLO MS Centre, St. Michael\u2019s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0090-597X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristen M","family":"Krysko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, BARLO MS Centre, St. Michael\u2019s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(22)00320-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","unstructured":"Government of Canada. Vaccines for COVID-19: Free vaccines are available for everyone in Canada https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/public-health\/services\/diseases\/coronavirus-disease-covid-19\/vaccines.html (2022 accessed 14 September 2022)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00508-021-01835-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32661-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines9050467"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-021-10780-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2021.577785"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-021-10648-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.721502"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.653786"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","first-page":"16624","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2 vaccination-induced transverse myelitis","volume":"13","author":"Tahir N","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tahir N, Koorapati G, Prasad S, et al. SARS-CoV-2 vaccination-induced transverse myelitis. 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Ontario vaccination data https:\/\/covid19tracker.ca\/provincevac.html?p=ON (2022 accessed 14 September 2022)."}],"container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/13524585231154780","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/13524585231154780","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/13524585231154780","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T04:11:31Z","timestamp":1777695091000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/13524585231154780"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,25]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4-5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/13524585231154780"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/13524585231154780","relation":{},"ISSN":["1352-4585","1477-0970"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1352-4585","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-0970","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,25]]}}}