{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T08:23:49Z","timestamp":1787819029320,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697155200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Slagelse Hospital Research Fund"},{"name":"The Danish Multiple Sclerosis Society","award":["A40208, A38376, A35152"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A40208, A38376, A35152"]}]},{"name":"The University of Southern Denmark Fund"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mult Scler"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Microfibrillar-associated protein 4 (MFAP4) is an extracellular matrix protein not previously described in the human central nervous system (CNS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We determined MFAP4 CNS expression and measured cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum levels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tissue was sampled at autopsy from patients with acute multiple sclerosis (MS) ( n = 3), progressive MS ( n = 3), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) ( n = 2), and controls ( n = 9), including 6 healthy controls (HC). MFAP4 levels were measured in 152 patients: 49 MS, 62 NMOSD, 22 myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-associated disease (MOGAD), and 19 isolated optic neuritis (ION).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MFAP4 localized to meninges and vascular\/perivascular spaces, intense in the optic nerve. At sites of active inflammation, MFAP4 reactivity was reduced in NMOSD and acute MS and less in progressive MS. CSF MFAP4 levels were reduced during relapse and at the onset of diseases (mean U\/mL: MS 14.3, MOGAD 9.7, and ION 14.6 relative to HC 17.9. ( p = 0.013, p = 0.000, and p = 0.019, respectively). Patients with acute ON ( n = 68) had reduced CSF MFAP4 (mean U\/mL: 14.5, p = 0.006). CSF MFAP4 levels correlated negatively with relapse severity (rho = \u22120.41, p = 0.017).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MFAP4 immunoreactivity was reduced at sites of active inflammation. CSF levels of MFAP4 were reduced following relapse and may reflect disease activity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585231200720","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T07:26:15Z","timestamp":1697181975000},"page":"1721-1735","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Microfibrillar-associated protein 4 as a potential marker of acute relapse in inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system: Pathological and clinical aspects"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Sara","family":"Samadzadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse, Denmark\/Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine and Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mads Nikolaj","family":"Olesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse, Denmark\/Department of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Wirenfeldt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Pathological Anatomy and Molecular Biology, Hospital South West Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00f6ren","family":"M\u00f6ller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Open Patient Data Explorative Network, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatsuro","family":"Misu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kerstin","family":"Soelberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jette Lautrup","family":"Frederiksen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital\u2014Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steffen","family":"Heegaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Ophthalmology and Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Mariotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuo","family":"Fujihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutics, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan"},{"name":"Multiple Sclerosis and Neuromyelitis Optica Center, Southern Tohoku Research Institute for Neuroscience, Koriyama, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klemens","family":"Ruprecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas Levin","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5967-2800","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Romain","family":"Marignier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Neurologie, Scl\u00e9rose en Plaques, Pathologies de la My\u00e9line et Neuro-inflammation, H\u00f4pital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00f8ren Thue","family":"Lillevang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6661-2910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eoin P","family":"Flanagan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Neurology and Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8387-6491","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sean J","family":"Pittock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Neurology and Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8672-8419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ho Jin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey L","family":"Bennett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology & Ophthalmology, Programs in Neuroscience & Immunology University of Colorado, Anschutz, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Friedemann","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine and Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grith Lykke","family":"Sorensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer and Inflammation, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian G","family":"Weinshenker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Lassmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nasrin","family":"Asgari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark Department of Neurology, Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse, Denmark"},{"name":"Open Patient Data Explorative Network, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-13524585231200720","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000001076"},{"key":"bibr2-13524585231200720","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000504"},{"key":"bibr3-13524585231200720","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000572"},{"key":"bibr4-13524585231200720","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2022.05.008"},{"key":"bibr5-13524585231200720","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0082243"},{"key":"bibr6-13524585231200720","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M115.681775"},{"key":"bibr7-13524585231200720","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00351.2014"},{"key":"bibr8-13524585231200720","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dneu.20954"},{"key":"bibr9-13524585231200720","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2014-206609"},{"key":"bibr10-13524585231200720","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.115.306672"},{"key":"bibr11-13524585231200720","first-page":"455","volume":"24","author":"Olesen M","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mult Scler J"},{"key":"bibr12-13524585231200720","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0082383"},{"key":"bibr13-13524585231200720","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-016-1653-y"},{"key":"bibr14-13524585231200720","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bpa.12099"},{"key":"bibr15-13524585231200720","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm047"},{"key":"bibr16-13524585231200720","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.23726"},{"key":"bibr17-13524585231200720","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3091"},{"key":"bibr18-13524585231200720","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22366"},{"key":"bibr19-13524585231200720","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30168-6"},{"key":"bibr20-13524585231200720","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001729"},{"key":"bibr21-13524585231200720","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-018-1144-2"},{"key":"bibr22-13524585231200720","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.33.11.1444"},{"key":"bibr23-13524585231200720","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ane.13004"},{"key":"bibr24-13524585231200720","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2014.108"},{"key":"bibr25-13524585231200720","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-018-0112-x"},{"key":"bibr26-13524585231200720","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000011"},{"key":"bibr27-13524585231200720","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-018-1523-6"},{"key":"bibr28-13524585231200720","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.254"}],"container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/13524585231200720","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/13524585231200720","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/13524585231200720","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T04:13:11Z","timestamp":1777695191000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/13524585231200720"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"14","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/13524585231200720"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/13524585231200720","relation":{},"ISSN":["1352-4585","1477-0970"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1352-4585","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-0970","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]]}}}